Older people who do not rate their health status positively and indicate low levels of social support have a higher risk of being dissatisfied with their lives and due to this they should receive special attention from gerontologists.

Findings support the view that psychosocial resources are important for successful aging and therefore should be included in successful aging models. Furthermore, interventions aimed at fostering successful aging should take into account the role of psychosocial variables.

Personality traits should be considered when interventions aimed at promoting life satisfaction in old age and successful aging are designed.

Age, gender or type of stressful situation impact on the coping strategies used by older people. Older men and women were found to use different strategies depending upon the situation they are facing and upon their age group. The results may prove useful to practitioners and clinicians who directly work with older people and may help clinicians provide effective coping strategies to address the specific life events that older adults find stressful.

Please cite this article as: L. Rubio, S. Sanllorente, L.A. Sarabia, M.C. Ortiz, Optimization of a headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry procedure for the determination of aromatic amines in water and in polyamide spoons, Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems (2014), doi: 10.1016/j.chemolab.2014 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT OPTIMIZATION OF A HEADSPACE SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY PROCEDURE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF AROMATIC AMINES IN WATER AND IN POLYAMIDE SPOONS AbstractIn this work, a headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC/MS) method for trace determination of primary aromatic amines was developed. The following analytes were investigated: aniline (A), 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (4,4'-MDA) and 2,4-diaminotoluene (2,4-TDA) using 3-chloro-4-fluoroaniline (3C4FA) and 2-aminobiphenyl (2ABP) as internal standards. Prior to extraction the analytes were derivatized in the aqueous solution by diazotation and subsequent iodination. The derivatives were extracted by HS-SPME using a PDMS/DVB fiber and analyzed by CG/MS. A D-optimal design was used to study the parameters affecting the HS-SPME procedure and the derivatization step. Two experimental factors at two levels and one factor at three levels were considered: (i) reaction time, (ii) extraction temperature, and (iii) extraction time in the headspace. The interaction between the extraction temperature and extraction time was considered in the proposed model. The loadings in the sample mode estimated by a PARAFAC (parallel factor analysis) decomposition for each analyte were the response used in the design because they are proportional to the amount of analyte extracted. The optimum conditions for the best extraction of the analytes were achieved when the reaction time was 20 min, the extraction temperature was 50ºC and the extraction time was 25 min. The interaction was significant.

 Migration of polymer additives from food contact materials into Tenax was studied  PARAFAC enabled the unequivocal identification in the presence of coeluting compounds  Some of the m/z ratios of the coeluting interferents were shared with the analytes  Tenax as a suitable food simulant is questioned considering its adsorption capability  BP and DiBP have migrated from PVC film and from PP coffee capsules

No abstract

Determining plasticizers and other additives migrated from plastic materials becomes a hard task when these substances are already present in the laboratory environment. This work dealt with this drawback in the multiresidue determination of four plasticizers (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol (BHT), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) and diisononyl phthalate (DiNP)) and a UV stabilizer (benzophenone (BP)) by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) using DiBP-d4 as internal standard. The ubiquity of DiBP by a non-constant leaching process in the laboratory was detected, which could not guarantee the achievement of a trustworthy quantification. To handle this, the assessment of the level of DiBP in solvent blanks having fixed the probabilities of false non-compliance (α) and false compliance (β) at 0.01 was performed. On the other hand, another special case was that of DiNP, in whose chromatogram finger peaks appear because of an array of possible C9 isomers. PARAFAC, used for the identification and quantification of all the substances, is a useful chemometric tool that enabled a more reliable determination of this analyte since no peak areas were considered but chromatographic and spectral loadings. Since phthalates may migrate from rubber latex items, an evaluation of the existence of matrix effects on the determination of the five analytes was conducted prior to an extraction with hexane from a dummy for infants. As matrix effects were present, the quantification of the compounds under study was performed following the standard addition method using PARAFAC sample loadings as response variable. As a result, the presence of BHT was confirmed, being its concentration equal to 37.87μgL(-1). Calibrations based on PARAFAC yielded the following values for the decision limit (CCα): 1.16μgL(-1) for BHT, 1.34μgL(-1) for BP, 1.84μgL(-1) for DEHA and 51.42μgL(-1) for DiNP(for α=0.05 and two replicates).