IntroductionShort-term metabolic and observational studies suggest that protein intake above the recommended dietary allowance of 0.83 g/kg body weight (BW)/day may support preservation of lean body mass and physical function in old age, but evidence from randomised controlled trials is inconclusive.Methods and analysisThe PRevention Of Malnutrition In Senior Subjects in the EU (PROMISS) trial examines the effect of personalised dietary advice aiming at increasing protein intake with or without advice regarding timing of protein intake to close proximity of usual physical activity, on change in physical functioning after 6 months among community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) with a habitual protein intake of <1.0 g/kg adjusted (a)BW/day. Participants (n=264) will be recruited in Finland and the Netherlands, and will be randomised into three groups; two intervention groups and one control group. Intervention group 1 (n=88) receives personalised dietary advice and protein-enriched food products in order to increase their protein intake to at least 1.2 g/kg aBW/day. Intervention group 2 (n=88) receives the same advice as described for intervention group 1, and in addition advice to consume 7.5–10 g protein through protein-(en)rich(ed) foods within half an hour after performing usual physical activity. The control group (n=88) receives no intervention. All participants will be invited to attend lectures not related to health. The primary outcome is a 6-month change in physical functioning measured by change in walk time using a 400 m walk test. Secondary outcomes are: 6-month change in the Short Physical Performance Battery score, muscle strength, body composition, self-reported mobility limitations, quality of life, incidence of frailty, incidence of sarcopenia risk and incidence of malnutrition. We also investigate cost-effectiveness by change in healthcare costs.DiscussionThe PROMISS trial will provide evidence whether increasing protein intake, and additionally optimising the timing of protein intake, has a positive effect on the course of physical functioning after 6 months among community-dwelling older adults with a habitual protein intake of <1.0 g/kg aBW/day.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland (ID of the approval: HUS/1530/2018) and The Medical Ethical Committee of the Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (ID of the approval: 2018.399). All participants provided written informed consent prior to being enrolled onto the study. Results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and will be made available to stakeholders (ie, older adults, healthcare professionals and industry).Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT03712306).
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This paper introduces a system with persuasive communication to improve the diet compliance and adherence of participants of the PROMISS-project. For this persuasive communication different strategies and ways of personalisation are used, in accordance with existing literature. Furthermore, as the target group is elderly users, the design is tailored to their specific needs. A first prototype was created, based on seven functional requirements. During a pilot study, the prototype is evaluated with seven participants. Based on lessons learned during this pilot, as well as new requirements from the PROMISS dietitians, a refined design of the system was implemented. This refined design is briefly evaluated with four participants of the pilot during individual interviews. The changes made to the prototype were evaluated positively. ACM Reference format: L.M. van der Lubbe and M.C.A. Klein. 2019. Designing a system with persuasive communication to improve diet compliance for elderly users. In Proceed-
Doorstep scams are scams, often happening at the front door, in which a con artist has a convincing, but fraudulent, story with the purpose of coming into your house and/or stealing money. Various campaigns to educate people exist, but they do not focus on the verbal skills people can use to prevent themselves from becoming a victim. This paper describes the conceptual design of a proposed training application. This application will provide an agent-based learning environment for highrisk doorstep scam victims. In order to create a training application, field research has been done to the content and progress of doorstep scams, which is used to create interactive scenarios.
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Doorstep scams, scams in which con artists tell convincing but fraudulent stories in order to enter the house of a victim and/or steal personal belongings or information, have a high impact on victims. These victims are often elderly people. Existing campaigns mostly focus on the behavioural aspects that help to prevent a doorstep scam from happening, but verbal skills also contribute to the resilience of possible victims. In this research, a serious game is designed and evaluated for this purpose. The results of the evaluation are positive. The serious game is specifically seen as a valuable addition to existing training meetings.
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