A new geological map at 1:50,000 scale of La Reforma Caldera Complex has been produced applying modern survey methodologies to volcanic areas. This map aims to represent a reliable and objective tool to understand the geological evolution of the region. La Reforma Caldera Complex is a Pleistocene nested caldera located in the central part of the Baja California peninsula, Mexico. The twelve formations defined within the Quaternary volcanic record were grouped into three phases (pre-caldera, caldera, and post-caldera). The pre-caldera phase (>1.35 Ma) is characterized by scattered eruptions, mostly occurred in submarine environment. The caldera phase (1.35-0.96 Ma) groups several distinct explosive and effusive eruptions that formed the present-day caldera depression. The post caldera phase includes scattered effusive eruptions (ended at 0.28 Ma) and resurgence, characterized by several hundred meters of uplift of the central block within the caldera depression.
The new thermal treatment of subcritical annealing and water quenching, applied to boron steels (30MnB5), which we propose in our research, achieve excellent variability in mechanical properties, as a result of obtaining a very versatile dual structure. In addition, there is a significant reduction in energy consumption and process time, which results in the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) and process costs. The presence of boron favours the success of the thermal treatment. The explanation of the process has been investigated by means of a metallographic study, mechanical characterization and in this work the results obtained by means of the study of the treated and untreated samples by means of X-Ray diffraction are presented. The presence of very small FeB crystals in the structure are the cause of the dual structure and its good characteristics. They have only been detected by X-Ray Diffraction, although we have also tried Transmission Electron Microscopy with unclear results.
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