<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> This study aims to determine the effectiveness of PBL with thinking map on the mastery of the concept and students' scientific literacy in digestive system material, additives and addictive substances, and respiratory system in human. This quantitative study involved 94 students consisting of 3 classes, namely 31 students of class VIII C, 31 students of class VIII E and 32 students of class VIII A SMP Negeri 5 Jombang academic year 2018/2019. The results showed PBL assisted thinking map effective on mastering the concept of content dimensions and against scientific literacy in digestive system material, additives and addictive substances, and the respiratory system. The results of statistical tests showed that there were differences in the mastery of concepts and scientific literacy skills before and after using PBL assisted by thinking map on digestive system material, additives and addictive substances, and the respiratory system. The conclusion of this study is that problem-based learning assisted by thinking map has an effect on both mastery of science concepts and science literacy so that students are effectively used in junior high school on digestive system material, additives and addictive substances, and the respiratory system.</p><strong>Abstrak:</strong><em> </em>Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keefektifan PBM berbantuan <em>thinking map</em> terhadap penguasaan konsep IPA dan literasi sains siswa SMP pada materi sistem pencernaan, zat aditif dan adiktif, dan sistem pernapasan pada manusia. Penelitian kuantitatif ini melibatkan 94 peserta didik terdiri atas tiga kelas, yaitu 31 peserta didik kelas VIII C, 31 peserta didik kelas VIII E dan 32 peserta didik kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 5 Jombang tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PBM berbantuan <em>thinking map</em> efektif terhadap penguasaan konsep dan literasi sains pada materi sistem pencernaan, zat aditif dan adiktif, dan sistem pernapasan. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan penguasaan konsep dan kemampuan literasi sains sebelum dan setelah menggunakan PBM berbantuan <em>thinking map</em><em>. </em>Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pembelajaran berbasis masalah berbantuan <em>thinking map</em> berpengaruh baik pada penguasaan konsep IPA dan literasi sains siswa sehingga efektif digunakan di SMP pada materi sistem pencernaan, zat aditif dan adiktif, dan sistem pernapasan.
The incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum in Indonesia ranges from 1% to 3% of all pregnancies. Hyperemesis gravidarum can cause problems in pregnancy such as anemia, while anemia itself can result in shock due to lack of nutritional intake, all of which are eaten and drunk. This study aims to determine the relationship between adaptation and psychological factors with the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum in pregnant women in the first trimester in the Tanjung Pasir Health Center area. This research is an analytical survey with a cross sectional approach. The study was conducted in the Tanjung Pasir 2020 Public Health Center area from March to August 2020. The population in this study were 108 pregnant women in the first trimester at the Hamidah Clinic and a sample of 52 people. Data were obtained using a questionnaire, data analysis consisted of univariate and bivariate analysis. Bivariate analysis using the Chi Square statistical test at α = 5%. The results showed that there was no relationship between adaftation factors (anemia and primigravida) with hyperemesis gravidarum, while psychological factors (unwanted pregnancy, work pressure, income and family harmony) had a relationship with hyperemesis gravidarum. The conclusion of this study is there is a relationship between psychological factors and the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum in pregnant women in the first trimester in the Tanjung Pasir Puskesmas area. It is suggested that the respondents should increase their knowledge about how to prevent and overcome hyperemesis gravidarum.
The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the implementation of rehabilitation for narcotics abusers, to find out and analyze the obstacles faced by the Public Prosecutor in implementing the rehabilitation of narcotics abusers and their solutions. The research approach method used is the sociological juridical method. The conclusion of this study is that the implementation of rehabilitation for narcotics abusers is carried out entirely by the National Narcotics Agency (BNN). The obstacles faced by the Public Prosecutor in implementing rehabilitation are the absence of juridical qualifications between the types of criminal offenses and violations, the absence of a special rehabilitation center for narcotics abusers, the lack of rehabilitation technicians and the limited rehabilitation budget owned by the National Narcotics Agency (BNN).
This writing aims to examine the criminology of criminal acts of sexual violence perpetrated by normal men on women with disabilities and the countermeasures made by the Jepara Resort Police to tackle these crimes. This research is included in the type of empirical juridical research. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the object of criminology studies includes three things: criminal acts, perpetrators of criminal acts, and public reactions to both. Furthermore, the object of the study was analyzed using criminological theories. Sexual violence was analyzed using differential association theory. The perpetrators of the crime of sexual violence must have committed a crime because of the factors that caused the crime. After knowing these factors, it was studied using the theory of Social Anomalies. Public reaction to criminal acts and perpetrators of sexual violence. First, the community around the perpetrator provides labeling, or social punishment given to the perpetrator. Second, on the other hand, there are still some people who know about this form of crime and care about the existence of the crime of Sexual Violence by creating forums or becoming activists. This community reaction analysis uses Social interactionist theory.
This study aims to determine the policy of the prosecutor's authority in terminating prosecution based on restorative justice in the criminal justice system, namely based on the principle of opportunity, namely the Prosecutor's Office is the only State Institution controlling cases or has the authority to continue or not file cases to the Court based on the provisions of the Act. This authority is implied in the form of the Attorney General's Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice. The approach method used is normative juridical. Specifications are descriptive analytical. The type of data is secondary data, divided into legal materials derived from law and legal science. The method of data collection through literature study and interviews with the data analysis method is qualitative analysis. The Prosecutor's Law is included in attribution, namely the granting of government authority by lawmakers to government organs. In Islamic criminal theory, the authority to stop prosecution based on restorative justice is included as special prevention and according to the history of Islamic development, it is included in the rehabilitation of the criminal. In the research conducted by the researcher, it was found that there were obstacles in stopping prosecution based on restorative justice at the Banggai District Prosecutor's Office, namely based on the decree of the Banggai District Attorney Number B-748/P.2.11/Eoh.2/11/2021, namely the distance traveled by the parties involved. The case with the Banggai District Prosecutor's Office is quite far away, with the condition of the road infrastructure being unfavorable. The crime committed is domestic violence which makes it difficult for peaceful efforts to be carried out, so that the time allotted is very limited. If drawn from the theory of law enforcement, these obstacles are included in the legal culture and legal substance.
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