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It has been reported that some of the food additives may cause sensitization, inflammation of tissues, and potentially risk factors in the development of several chronic diseases. Thus, we hypothesized that expressions of common inflammatory molecules -known to be involved in the development of various inflammatory conditions and cancers -are affected by these food additives. We investigated the effects of commonly used food preservatives and artificial food colorants based on the expressions of NFκB, GADD45α, and MAPK8 (JNK1) from the tissues of liver. RNA was isolated based on Trizol protocol and the activation levels were compared between the treated and the control groups. Tartrazine alone could elicit effects on the expressions of NFκB (p = 0.013) and MAPK8 (p = 0.022). Azorubine also resulted in apoptosis according to MAPK8 expression (p = 0.009). Preservatives were anti-apoptotic in high dose. Sodium benzoate (from low to high doses) dose-dependently silenced MAPK8 expression (p = 0.004 to p = 0.002). Addition of the two preservatives together elicited significantly greater expression of MAPK8 at half-fold dose (p = 0.002) and at fivefold dose (p = 0.008). This study suggests that some of the food preservatives and colorants can contribute to the activation of inflammatory pathways.

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Background Physical inactivity is a global phenomenon in European welfare countries. Proper monitoring is essential to measure the physical activity level of the population. Methods In the Hungarian cohort of the European Physical Activity and Sport Monitoring System (EUPASMOS) project, our participants (N = 598) completed sociodemographic questions and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – short form (IPAQ-SF) survey. The validity and reliability of the subjective measurement tool were examined, IPAQ-SF outcomes were contrasted against triaxial RM42 accelerometer wore for 7 consecutive days. Results The IPAQ-SF showed moderate internal consistency (Cronbach Alpha = 0.647). The concurrent validity of the IPAQ-SF to triaxial accelerometer indicated a significant weak-to-moderate correlation (R = 0.111–0.338, p = 0.042; p < 0.001). The test-retest reliability showed a significant correlation between two measurements (R = 0.788–0.981, p < 0.001). Conclusion The Hungarian version of the IPAQ-SF had excellent test-retest reliability, but low-to-fair concurrent validity for moderate and vigorous physical activity, walking and sitting time, as compared to the objective criterion measure among Hungarian adults.

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A szerzők cikküket a Pécsi Tudományegyetem alapításának 650. évfordulója tiszteletére közlik.A növényi alapú étrend egy régi-új táplálkozási irányzat. Jelen összefoglaló tanulmányban történeti alapokból kiindulva kívánjuk ismertetni ezt a napjainkban egyre népszerűbb táplálkozási törekvést. Célunk bemutatni a növényi alapú táplálkozást mint primer prevenciós eszközt. Irodalmi adatok alapján kritikusan elemezzük a növényi alapú étrendhez kapcsolódó korábbi téves vélekedéseket (fehérje-, B 12 -vitamin-, folsav-, vasbevitel), és megfelelő fogalmi alapot teremtünk ezen étrend értelmezéséhez, amelynek gerincét a gyümölcsök, zöldségek, teljes kiőrlésű gabonák, hüvelyesek és az olajos magvak alkotják. Ismertetjük a növényi alapú étrend pozitív élettani és betegségkockázat-csökkentő hatását. Az elhízás talaján kialakuló metabolikus és szív-ér rendszert érintő betegségek nagyrészt megelőz-hetőek lennének egy helyesen összeállított növényi alapú étrenddel. A daganatos megbetegedésben szenvedő betegek esetén az állati eredetű élelmiszerek háttérbe szorítása a növényi alapúakkal szemben is igazoltan pozitív hatású. Áttekintésünk bemutatja, hogy ez a fajta táplálkozás számos egészségügyi probléma esetén alkalmazható, és hosszú távon is fenntartható megoldást biztosít a legújabb kor egészségügyi kihívásaira. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(47), 1859-1865. Kulcsszavak: vegán, tápláltsági állapot, elhízás, szívbetegség, tumoros megbetegedés Plant-based diets: a reviewPlant-based diet is an old-new trend in nutrition. In this review based on a historical context, we wish to introduce this popular nutritional trend. Our aim is to present plant-based diet as a primary measure for prevention. We intend to critically analyse some past stereotypes related to plant-based diet -whose main components include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds -according to the literature (e.g. protein, vitamin B 12 , folic acid, and iron intake) by doing so we wish to create an adequate conceptual basis for its interpretation. We discuss positive physiological effects of plant-based diet and its possible role in diseases risk reduction. Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases developing due to obesity could be prevented by a properly compiled plant-based diet. For patients with cancer minimizing the intake of foods of animal origin -as opposed to plant-based ones -has proved to have positive effects. Our review suggests this diet can be used in a number of diseases and it also provides long-term sustainable solutions for the health care challenges of the newest era.Keywords: vegan, nutrition status, obesity, heart disease, neoplasm Szabó, Z., Erdélyi, A., G. Kisbenedek, A., U. T. L. Polyák, É., Sz. Szabó, Sz., Kovács, R. E., Raposa, L. B., Figler, M. [Plant-based diets: a review]. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(47), 1859-1865. (Beérkezett: 2016 elfogadva: 2016. szeptember

Background Chronic non-specific low back pain syndrome (cnsLBP) is a severe health problem in developed countries, which has an important effect on patients’ quality of life and is highly determined by socio-demographic factors and low back pain specific knowledge. We examined patients’ health-related quality of life according to the results of the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), low back pain knowledge (LBPKQ) and the social determinants of the participants. Methods We carried out our research in the first half of 2015 in Southern Transdanubia, Hungary. The examination included 1155 respondents living with chronic non-specific low back pain. The confidence interval of 95% was used, and the level of. significance was p < 0.05 using SPSS 22.0 software. Results The SF-36 questionnaire is suitable for the examination of patients’ health-related quality of life (Cronbach’s Alpha> 0.76), as the LBPKQ’s Cronbach’s Alpha was 0.726 also, which showed good validity. Longer-term disease meant a lower health-related quality of life (p < 0.05). A greater decrease of function (Roland Morris scores (RM)) accounts for a lower HRQoL and higher knowledge level. We found significant differences in LBPKQ scores according to sociodemographic parameters. The general health status was positively correlated with LBPKQ (p = 0.024) adjusted for demographic and pain and functional status. Conclusion The negative effect of the symptoms on patients’ quality of life is proved, which is determined by different socio-demographic parameters furthermore by knowledge. Above all could be useful information for professionals to adopt the right interventions.

Specific gene and miRNA expression patterns are potential early biomarkers of harmful environmental carcinogen exposures. The aim of our research was to develop an assay panel by using several miRNAs for the rapid screening of potential carcinogens. The expression changes of miR-124-1, miR-212, miR-132, miR-134, and miR-155 were examined in the spleen, liver, and kidneys of CBA/Ca mice, following the 20 mg/bwkg intraperitoneal 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) treatment. After 24 h RNA was isolated, the miRNA expressions were analyzed by a real-time polymerase chain reaction and compared to a non-treated control. DMBA induced significant changes in the expression of miR-134, miR-132, and miR-124-1 in all examined organs in female mice. Thus, miR-134, miR-132, and miR-124-1 were found to be suitable biomarkers for the rapid screening of potential chemical carcinogens and presumably to monitor the protective effects of chemopreventive agents.