This study aims to investigate the features of the concept and practical functioning of the prevention and elimination mechanism of bio-medical emergencies. The biblio-semantic and analytical methods of the set question research are used. The mechanisms of medical and biological character emergencies management depending on the goals of the tools used, as well as recommendations for optimization of this process, were described. According to the study results, we concluded that the provision of sustainable socio-economic society development should go side by side with the creation of a safe environment, ensuring the implementation of modern biosafety systems, and harmonizing with international legislation. There are all conditions for rapid changes in the epidemic situation in many countries with increasing anthropogenic impact on the environment, the resistance of infectious agents to chemotherapeutic and disinfectants, diversity of natural areas and biocoenosis, creating favorable conditions for the long-term existence of focal infections, identification of new forms, increased migration and international trade of food, as well as the spread of natural disasters and catastrophes. One of the ways to strengthen Ukraine's position may be to work on the creation of a risk management system in emergencies and bring legislation into conformity with international and EU legislation.
Using the scientific method, the main objective of the study was to identify key legal norms and aspects of anti-corruption policy in order to form the legal and professional competence of students of higher education institutions. One of the most pressing issues is corruption in public authorities and administration, which to a greater or lesser extent affects almost the entire system of public administration. A small number of criminal cases of bribery indicates a high level of latency of these crimes. The spread of this negative phenomenon is facilitated by the imperfection of legislation, in particular, economic legislation. A large number of laws, departmental instructions, orders, etc., which often contradict each other and thus create significant difficulties for the officials themselves and deprive them of any opportunity to understand the legislation regulating the matter. It is concluded that, many laws contain ambiguous language in the text, which allows officials to interpret their content in their favor.
Many countries have already developed and implemented a large number of specific measures to combat natural disasters and reduce the risk of each type of disaster. The article emphasizes that biological hazards differ from other hazards in that it is difficult to predict not only when an event will occur, but also which biological agent will cause a catastrophe that will lead to a specific scenario and whether it will be natural, accidental or intentional. Thus, "biological hazard" describes a much broader and more freely defined area than in the case of hazards whose mechanisms are easier to predict.
У статті здійснено огляд біхевіористичних проблем управління ланцюгами постачання і того, як поведінка людей (співробітників, менеджерів, партнерів) впливає на його ефективність. Розглянуто застосування поведінкового підходу до вивчення SCM і наявних поведінкових досліджень, пов’язаних із управлінням ризиками ланцюга постачання. Проаналізовано походження поведінкової економіки, поведінкові операції та біхевіористичне управління ланцюгами постачання. Обгрунтовано, як результати поведінкових досліджень можуть бути актуальними для явищ, пов’язаних із ланцюгом постачання, і як психологічні виміри в логістиці можуть бути цікавими для майбутніх досліджень. Крім того, висвітлені поведінкові чинники, які можуть перешкодити прийняттю рішення. У результаті встановлено зв’язок між концепцією управління ланцюгом поставок на основі біхевіористичного підходу й керування ризиками, щоб продемонструвати, що людська поведінка є важливим чинником ризику.
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