ABSTRAK Seni pertunjukan tari Sunda hingga saat ini telah diisi dengan tiga genre tari yang diciptakan oleh tiga tokoh pembaharu tari Sunda, yaitu Rd. Sambas Wirakusumah yang menciptakan genre tari Keurseus sekitar tahun 1920- an, Rd. Tjetje Somantri yang menciptakan genre tari Kreasi Baru sekitar tahun 1950-an, dan Gugum Gumbira Tirasondjaya yang menciptakan genre tari Jaipongan pada awal tahun 1980-an. Ketiga genre tari tersebut memiliki citra estetiknya sendiri-sendiri sesuai latar budaya generasinya masing-masing. Genre tari Jaipongan yang kini sudah lebih dari 30 tahun belum tergantikan di dalamnya menunjukkan nilai-nilai yang mengakar dalam kehidupan masyarakat Sunda. Untuk mengekplanasi berbagai aspek penting yang melengkapi pembentukan sebuah genre tari ini digunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Berdasarkan penelitian disimpulkan bahwa genre tari Jaipongan dibentuk oleh konsep dasar etika dan estetik egaliter dengan menghasilkan struktur koreografi yang simpel dan fl eksibel yang terdiri dari empat ragam gerak, yaitu bukaan, pencugan, nibakeun, dan mincid. Kata kunci: Gugum Gunbira, genre tari, dan Jaipongan ABSTRACT Jaipongan: The Genre of Third Dancing Generation in the Development of Sundanese Dance Performing Arts. Sundanese dancing performance art recently has been fi lled with three dancing genres created by three prominent reformers of Sundanese dances, namely Rd. Sambas Wirakusumah who created the dance genre of Keurseus around 1920, Rd. Tjetje Somantri who created the dance genre of Kreasi Baru (New Creation) 1950s, and Gugum Gumbira Tirasondjaya who created the dance genre of Jaipongan in the early 1980s. The three genres of the dances have their own aesthetic image based on their cultural background respectively. The Jaipongan dance genre which now has been more than 30 years and not yet been changed shows the values rooted in Sundanese community life. To explain various important aspects which complete the creation of a dance genre it applies qualitative method employing a phenomenological approach. Based on the research, it is concluded that Jaipongan dance genre is shaped by ethical and aesthetic concepts of egalitarian policies to produce a simple structure and fl exible choreography of four modes of motion, i.e. aperture, pencugan, nibakeun, and mincid. Keywords: Gugum Gunbira, dance genres, and jaipongan
Wiragawi Bamboo Music: the Representation of Commodification of Bamboo from the Structural Results at Three Locus. The purpose of this study is to describe the results of the commodification of Wiragawi Bamboo Music as a Representation of Structuring in Three Locus, among others, in West Java Province, Yogyakarta Special Region (DIY), and East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). This study uses a qualitative method with a deeper socio-cultural structuration, represented as a work in the form of commodification of bamboo as a musical instrument. The commodification of bamboo as a participatory of 'bamboo body grows' can legitimize an identity and regional authenticity as a form of cultural resilience based on a cultural economy. Bamboo plays an essential role in the cultural process, from birth to death according to its era, so it can be said that bamboo and humans have a close correlation, according to the locus of the area. Research findings include producing a set of Wiragawi bamboo musical instruments as a result of the commodification of bamboo music at three locuses, namely West Java Province, Yogyakarta Special Region (DIY), and East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). The conclusion shows that the primary material of bamboo is still very open to being a source of inspiration in creativity, mainly to produce various new instruments according to the interests and developments of the era.
Gugum Gumbira’s Jaipongan as a dance genre has been more than ten repertoires, among oth- ers, are: Keser Bojong, Rendeng Bojong, Toka-Toka, Iring-Iring Daun Puring, Setra Sari, Senggot, Sonteng, Ringkang Gumiwang, Pencug Bojong, Rawayan, Kawung Anten, etc. However, among those works, Gugum Gumbira states his Keser Bojong’s dance repertoire as having the most ideal image. The question is, what aspects build that ideal image? Clearly, this is related to various value dimensions attributed to that dance repertoire. To discuss this issue, the writers use Richard E. Palmer’s Hermeneutics as interpretation system to reveal the “hidden†meaning beyond the texts (1969: 16-31). The scope of discussion covers dimension of concept and dance construction as well as other artistic devices. Keywords: Jaipongan, Keser Bojong, Image, Gugum Gumbira.Â
MENIMBANG CATATAN MEDELLKOOP (1809) TENTANG REGLEMENT VAN DE TANDAK OF RONGGENG INHOLEN TE CHERIBON (SEKOLAH RONGGENG DI KERATON CIREBON)AbstraksiDunia ronggeng dalam masyarakat Sunda memiliki kedudukan dan nilai tersendiri, di samping unik juga penyajiannya memiliki keragaman yang khas.Oleh karena itu, ditemukannya sebuah manu skrip dengan tebal 15 halaman koleksi Museum Arsip Nasional Indonesia di Jakarta, berisi tentang Sekolah Ronggeng di Keraton Cirebon judul “Reglement van de Tandak of Ronggeng Inholen te Chirebon (1809)”, menjadi sangat penting untuk segera dikaji dan diinformasikan kepada masyarakat Jawa Barat padau mumnya, dan kalangan akademisi pada khususnya. Apalagi bila dicermati secara seksama, manuskrip tersebut memiliki kadar informasi yang multi dimensi. Tidak saja tergambarkan aktivitasp endidikannya, yaitu melalu isebuah kurikulum yang khusus, tetapi di dalamnya juga tersirat situasi dan kondisi kehidupan masyarakat Cirebon di masa yang menyertainya.Hal ini juga menarik untuk disimak, karena kehidupan dunia ronggeng di Tatar Sunda yang sudah sedemikian merata di berbagai daerah tersebut, hingga saat ini masih ramai dibicarakan/diwacanakan.Kata kunci :Ronggeng, Sejarah, Sunda, politik.
ABSTRAKTari Réndéng Bojongyang diciptakan oleh Gugum Gumbira pada tahun 1978 dan sepanjang tahun 1980-an, sangat populer di kalangan masyarakat Sunda.Akan tetapi, sejak pertengahan tahun 1990-an bentuk tarian ini tidak pernah terlihat lagi.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui secara komprehensif mengenai berbagai unsur yang membentuknya.Penelitian kualitatif ini mengggunakan teori estetika instrumental dengan metode deskriptif analisis yang tahapan penggalian datanya dilakukan melalui studi pustaka, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi.Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh simpulan, bahwa tari jaiponganRéndéng Bojong itu wujudnya dibentuk oleh tiga unsur utama, yaitu “bentuk” terdiri dari struktur koreografi, struktur karawitan, dan penataan rias-busana; “bobot” terdiri dari eksistensi senimannya, konsep garap, dan proses garap; “penyajian” yaitu tarian berpasangan yang bernuansa pergaulan.Ketiga unsur tersebut terintegrasi menjadi sebuah kristalisasi estetika tari yang menjadi identitas tari Réndéng Bojong.Kata kunci: Estetika tari, jaipongan, Gugum Gumbira, tari Réndéng Bojong, estetika instrumental. ABSTRACTThe Réndéng Bojong dance, which was created by Gugum Gumbira in 1978 and throughout the 1980s, is prevalent among Sundanese people. However, since the mid-1990s, this dance form has never been seen again. The purpose of this study is to understand various elements forming it. This qualitative research uses the theory of instrumental aesthetics with descriptive analysis methods in which data collection uses several stages: library study, observation, and documentation study. The results of the analysis are the Jaipongan Réndéng Bojong dance was formed by three main elements, namely, first, "form" consisting of a choreographic structure, musical structure, and makeup arrangement. Second, "weight" includes the existence of the artist, the concept of working on, and the working process. Third, "presentation" is a paired dance with a social nuance. The three elements integrated into a dance aesthetic crystallization, which is the identity of Réndéng Bojong dance.Keywords: dance aesthetics, jaipongan, Gugum Gumbira, Réndéng Bojong dance, instrumental aesthetics.
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