Purpose: To investigate the intra-specific variations in eleven Fusarium oxysporum isolates from infected date palm using pathogenicity and molecular methods. Methods: Eleven isolates of Fusarium oxysporum obtained from infected date palms in the southwest region of Algeria were subjected to confirmatory test using a specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique with the primer pairs, TL3-FOA28 and BIO3-FOA1. Polymorphism in the 5' domain of the large subunit rRNA was investigated. Small libraries of the domain, amplified by the primer pair, LR3/LROR, were constructed and the inserts sequenced. Results: The 11 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum collected from the infected date palm were confirmed as Fusarium oxysporun f. sp albedinis. Results from the investigation of polymorphism in the 5' domain of the large subunit rRNA revealed that the sequences were 100 % homologous or extremely close (> 99.4 %, differing by no more than one to three nucleotides) to several Fusarium oxysporum sequences. In addition, F. inflexum (U34548.1) was highly homologous to one of the F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis. Conclusion: The sequences of the 11 isolates are almost 100 % homologous to several F. oxysporum species. It is noteworthy that a sequence highly homologous to one of the F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis is obtainable from a different species, F. inflexum (U34548.1).
The aim of present study was to determine the antioxidant and anti-mycotoxin activities of crude ethanolic extracts from various organs of Bunium ferulaceum Sm. plant from Western Algeria. Firstly, we proceed to a phytochemical screening of leaves, kernels, and barks of plants. Tests showed the presence of several families of chemical constituents and phenolic compounds. The quantitative estimation of the total phenol content, flavonoids, and coumarins is carried out by colorimetric methods. The important total phenolic contents were found in leaves extract with a TPC value of 51.22 ± 0.46 mg GAE/g, whose flavonoids were revealed to be the main phenolic compounds in this extract and the coumarins in bark extract. The antioxidant activity was estimated by the DPPH method compared to the ascorbic acid antioxidant. The leaves extract showed a good scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 0.11 ± 0.57 mg/ml. Anti-mycotoxin activity are tested against three pathogens fungi produced mycotoxins using mycelial biomass assay and mycotoxigenic test. For all fungi tested, leaves extract showed the most inhibitory activity against Penicillium expansum MTTC 1344 and Aspergillus flavus MTTC 2799 followed by bark extract.
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