Background:Schizophrenia is a chronic and debilitating psychiatric illness consisting primarily of positive and negative symptoms. However, cognitive deficits in various domains have been consistently replicated in patients with schizophrenia. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and to correlate the same with sociodemographic factors.Materials and Methods:Cognitive function in 100 patients with schizophrenia as per Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM IV-TR) criteria attending the psychiatry outpatient department (OPD) of Department of Psychiatry, SBKS MIRC was assessed using Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination Revised (ACER) rating scale and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and sociodemographic details was obtained using semistructured proforma. Data was analyzed by Chi-square and t-test.Results:About 70% patients of schizophrenia were found to have cognitive dysfunction for attention, concentration, memory, language, and executive function. Positive symptoms were associated with memory (P<0.001) and attention impairment (P<0.05). Patients with duration of illness >2 years and belonging to urban habitat showed more cognitive dysfunction. Male patients were associated with impairment in two domains of ACER: Language and memory.Conclusion:The study findings depict that persistent cognitive deficits are seen in patients with schizophrenia. Its correlation with sociodemographic factors showed that patients with >2 years of illness and belonging to urban habitat showed more cognitive dysfunction. Male patients were associated with language and memory impairment. Our study recommends that the neurocognitive impairment should be included in the DSM-V diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia.
Background:Domestic violence is a major contributor to physical and mental ill health of the victim, and it is evident to some degree, in every society of the world.Objectives:1) To study perception about domestic violence in the study population. 2) To compare prevalence of domestic violence within the three subgroups of the study population (i.e. spouses of psychotic patients, spouses of non-psychiatric patients and hospital staff).Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among married men and women coming to Dhiraj General Hospital. Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire. Inquiry was done about their perception regarding domestic violence, own experience any time in their life, and about the form of violence. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS.Results:42.7% of study participants had never heard the words domestic violence. The overall prevalence of any form of violence in the study population as a whole was 32.3%. There was no significant difference found in the proportion of domestic violence among the three groups. The prevalence of physical, emotional, sexual and economic domestic violence was 16.3%, 25.3%, 2% and 11.3% respectively. Younger age group and female sex were significantly associated with the occurrence of domestic violence.Conclusion:Apart from the high prevalence of domestic violence in the present era, it is evident from the study that the participants’ perception about domestic violence was low. Efforts should be made to raise public consciousness and reporting of domestic violence and its attendant consequences.
BACKGROUND: Depression, the most common disorder in psychiatry, affects about 121 million people worldwide. World Health Organization states that depression is the leading cause of disability as measured by Years Lived with Disability and the fourth leading contributor to the global burden of disease. Today, depression already is the second cause of disability adjusted life years in the age category 15-44 years. There is paucity of studies done in undergraduate students in our country.AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To find out the prevalence of depression among undergraduate students and finding correlation between various demographic variables and depression. Cross sectional study carried on 1066 under graduate students of medical, dental, engineering and basic science branches. METHODS AND MATERIAL: CRF (containing demographic details) & Beck Depression Inventory Scale-II were given. Students' ≥18years of all academic years were included in the study. Statistical Analysis used were multiple ANOVA test and student t test.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of depression was found to be 26.54%. More males (29.75%) than females (23.36%) (P value=.0001). Highest depression was found in basic Science undergraduate students (34.53%) followed by engineering undergraduate students (22.82%) followed by MBBS students (18.99%) and least in dental undergraduate students (17.54%) (P value=.00003). Students living at hostel (24.10%) showed least depression and maximum depression was found in students living at private rooms (31.54%) (P value= .0002).There is a need to diagnose and treat undergraduate students with depression at an early stage. This will help them to overcome their difficulties and lead a healthier life.
Aim: This study is focussed on comparison and assessment of compassion fatigue, burnout and compassion satisfaction among casualty nurses with intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. Study Design: Quantitative research approach and Descriptive - Comparative research design. Materials and Methods: Study targeted casualty nurses and ICU nurses working at selected hospitals in Vadodara. A total of 80 casualty nurses and ICU nurses were asked to participate in this study. Convenient sampling technique was used. First tool consists of demographic variables. Second tool consists of Compassion Fatigue/Satisfaction Self-Test (CFS), assess the existing level of compassion fatigue, burnout and compassion satisfaction. Results: Assessment of compassion fatigue among casualty nurses revealed that 18 [60%] nurses exhibited extremely high-risk level, Analysis of burnout among casualty nurses showed that 15 [50%] half of the nurses presented moderate risk level and among ICU nurses showed that 45 [90%] majority of the nurses presented high risk levels of burnout. Examining the final component of the CFS tool among casualty nurses, more than half of the respondents 16 [53.3%] were characterised as high potential level of compassion satisfaction and among ICU nurses, half of the respondents 25 [50%] were characterised as having a modest potential level of compassion satisfaction. Independent t-test shows that there was no significant difference in the level of compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction between casualty nurses and ICU nurses. But there was a significant difference in the level of burnout between casualty nurses and ICU nurses, since the t value [18.256] was found to be greater than the table value [1.990] at .05 significant. Conclusion: Study reveals an association was found to exist between the level of compassion fatigue and demographic variables. But there was no association found in the level of burnout and compassion satisfaction among subjects with their selected demographic variables.
Clinicians are the one who are involved in most stressful events. Compassion fatigue comprises of two components-burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Up to one third of practicing clinicians could be expected to be suffering from burn out if assessed cross sectional. More importantly there has been an increasing trend in the emotional exhaustion of clinicians over the years. There is paucity of literature in this area, especially in the Indian setting. AIM: Identifying 'burn out' and 'compassion fatigue' among clinicians involved in care of individuals suffering from medical illness. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 100 clinicians were included in the study. A semi structured questionnaire was administered to gather information related to personal & professional details of the study participants. Professional Quality of Life Scale (Pro QoL Version V) was used to assess burnout, compassion satisfaction and secondary traumatic stress. Analysis was carried out using the SPSS. RESULTS: Females had higher compassion satisfaction (CS) & less burn out (BO) compared to males. Clinicians working with both teaching and non-teaching institute had higher CS compared to clinicians working only in private practice or associated with teaching institute. Clinicians from dental field had higher CS compared to clinicians from medical field. Clinicians from non-surgical field had higher CS compared to surgeons. Increase in the number of hours spent in clinical practice decreases CS & increases BO. CONCLUSION: Clinicians are the first contact for any patients & gets affected by their physical as well as mental trauma. Clinicians are exposed to great level of stress & traumatic events in their day to day activity & handle the burden of disease & deceased. Thus it is necessary to know the level of burden a clinician is carrying & find out the way to improve the life style & the patient care.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.