INTRODUCTIONDengue is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease of mankind, with a 30 fold increase in global incidence over the last 5 decades. It is a major public health concern throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world.Almost half of the world's population lives in countries where dengue is endemic. According to WHO, about 50-100 million dengue infections are estimated to occur annually in more than 100 endemic countries. ABSTRACTBackground: Dengue is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease of mankind. According to WHO, about 50-100 million new dengue infections are estimated to occur annually in more than 100 endemic countries. So, the present study has been done to analyzed varied clinical and laboratory profile of confirm dengue cases. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study was undertaken among 106 adult Ig M Ab positive cases admitted during October 2015 to September 2017. All patients were evaluated clinically and subjected for relevant laboratory investigations.Results: In our study male and female ratio was 20.2:1. Most common symptom was fever (95.3%) and least common was jaundice. Second most symptom was headache (70.8%). Myalgia was present in 49.1% of cases. 54.7% had nausea/vomiting. Hypotension was noticed in 33% of cases whereas encephalopathy and melaena was found in 6.6% and 2.83% respectively. Leucopenia was present in 57.5% and thrombocytopenia in 50.9% of cases. Conclusions: Younger male were commonly affected with dengue fever and promptly responded to conservative therapy due to early confirmation of diagnosis. Mortality was only 1.8% cases, may be due to delay in seeking medical attention.

Background: Aim of the study was to measure serum homocysteine levels in non-diabetic ischemic stroke and to co-relate its significance with other risk factors of ischemic stroke. It was a case control study.Methods: The study was done in the Department of Medicine, VSS.I.M.S.A.R, Burla, Odisha. 42 patients of non-diabetic ischemic and 42 age and sex matched controls were included in the study. Adults above the age of 18 years who were non-diabetic presenting with first-ever ischemic stroke, confirmed by CT scan of brain were included. Diabetic patients, haemorrhagic stroke, suspected embolic stroke, patients on vitamin supplementations, chronic usage of phenytoin were excluded. Routine investigations, fasting serum lipid profile and serum homocysteine levels were done.Results: Mean serum homocysteine level in ischemic stroke patients were found to be much higher (25.83 micro mol/L) in comparison to control group (9.77 micro mol/L) which is statistically significant. Mean serum homocysteine levels were found to be higher in patients with age group of more than 60 years, male sex, sedentary lifestyle, vegetarian diet, hypertensive patients and patient with normal fasting lipid profile. Statistical analysis for significance of difference was done using Chi-Square test with Yate’s correction.Conclusions: A statistically significant correlation was found between all the studied risk factors among non-diabetic patients and serum homocysteine levels. Estimation of serum homocysteine is advisable in all cases of non-diabetic ischemic strokes to know the prognosis.

Background: Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, causing 6.2 million deaths in 2011. Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) has been conventionally considered as a marker of excessive alcohol intake and/or liver dysfunction. There are accumulating evidences suggesting association of raised serum GGT level in stroke. So, this study was conducted to determine the association between the serum GGT level and stroke in population without history of alcohol consumption.Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was carried out at Department of General medicine, Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (VIMSAR), Burla from November 2016 to October 2018. 100 cases and 100 controls were included in this study. Cases were the patients admitted to Department of General Medicine, VIMSAR, Burla, presenting within 24 hours of first episode of stroke. Controls were the age (+/-5 years) and sex matched healthy attendants of the patients. Alcoholics or patients suffering from hepatitis, cirrhosis of liver, cholestasis or patients taking drugs like Phenytoin, Valproic acid, Carbamazepine etc or patients with past episode of stroke were excluded from this study. Serum GGT level of both cases and controls were measured and compared.Results: In stroke patients, the mean serum GGT level was 54.95 IU/L with standard deviation of 20.54. In controls, the mean serum GGT level was 32.14 IU/L with standard deviation of 5.07. The p-value was less than 0.0001 i.e. highly significant.Conclusions: Serum GGT level is significantly increased in stroke patients than healthy persons without stroke.

Background: Sepsis is defined as life threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated host response to infection. It is the tenth leading cause of death among older adults in United States. Mortality rate of the sepsis ranges from 30-40%. In severe cases sepsis can drastically reduce blood flow to the major organs, leading eventually to septic shock, widespread organ failure and death. So, the present study was done to evaluate the clinical profile, symptoms, source of infection, co-morbid conditions and outcome with respect to the organ dysfunction in sepsis cases.Methods: This prospective observational study was undertaken among 100 cases of sepsis diagnosed by the “International Sepsis Definitions Conference” criteria admitted during October 2015 to September 2017. All patients were evaluated clinically and subjected for laboratory investigations.Results: In present study, a total of 100 cases were enrolled. Mean age of cases were 38.15 years. Male and female ratio was 1.63:1. Most common symptom was fever (100%). Pneumonia was the most common (36%) source of infection. Mortality was highest in pneumonia (55.55%). 77 % of cases had organ dysfunction. Cardiovascular system was the most common system involved. Maximum mortality was within the age group of 56-65 years. Diabetes was the most common co-morbid condition. Mean APACHE II score was high among the death cases.Conclusions: Sepsis was more common in younger group of patients but mortality was more in elderly age group. Overall mortality was 38%.