RESUMO O presente trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar quantitativamente a cor e a massa específica da madeira das principais espécies comercializadas no estado de Mato Grosso. Foram selecionadas as trinta espécies mais comercializadas em Mato Grosso, segundo dados da Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente. Foram determinados os parâmetros colorimétricos (L*, a*, b*, C e h) a partir do sistema CIEL*a*b*, sendo realizada uma leitura no plano tangencial e outra no transversal, e também se determinou a massa específica aparente. Foram realizados o teste de Scott-Knott com posterior análise multivariada de Cluster e correlação de Pearson para o plano tangencial e massa específica, e realizou-se o teste de média para comparação dos parâmetros colorimétricos entre os planos tangencial e transversal. A partir da análise multivariada de Cluster, as madeiras foram separadas em três grupos. O primeiro grupo apresenta madeiras mais claras e com menores massas específicas, o segundo grupo as madeiras apresentaram dominância das colorações amarelo-amarronzado e marrom-claro e obtiveram valores intermediários para a massa específica em relação aos outros grupos, já o terceiro grupo as madeiras foram as mais escuras e obtiveram maiores massas específicas. A luminosidade, saturação e ângulo de tinta tiveram correlação com a massa específica. Palavras-chave: propriedades organolépticas; cor; madeiras tropicais.ABSTRACT This study aims to quantitatively characterize the color and mass specific of the wood of the main species marketed in the state of Mato Grosso. The thirty species most commercialized in Mato Grosso were selected, according to data from the State Secretary for the Environment. The colorimetric parameters (L *, a *, b *, C and h) were determined from the CIEL*a*b* system, with a reading in the tangential plane and another in the transverse plane, and the apparent density was determined. The Scott-Knott test was performed with a subsequent Multivariate Cluster and Pearson correlation analysis for the tangential plane and density, and the mean test was performed to compare the colorimetric parameters between the tangential and transverse planes. From the multivariate analysis of Cluster, the woods were separated into three groups. The first group presented lighter woods and with smaller densities, the second group the woods presented dominance of the yellow-brownish and light brown colorations and obtained intermediate values for the density in relation to the other groups, while the third group was the darkest and obtained the highest densities. The lightness, saturation and hue angle were correlated with density.
Eucalyptus is the most widely species in planted forests in Brazil. However, in the state of Mato Grosso, studies of forest plantations are still incipient. Eucalyptus hybrids have high potential in the country, but there is no genetic material developed for the edaphoclimatic characteristics of the northern region of Mato Grosso. Thus, the selection of genetic material suited to the region is of great importance. The present study evaluated a clonal plantation in the northern region of Mato Grosso to indicate which clones have the best potential for planting in the region. For this, the diameter at breast height and the commercial height of all trees (census) of a plantation containing 21 Eucalyptus clones in the municipality of Sinop, northern Mato Grosso, were measured. Based on the results, the average values per clone of mortality, production and productivity or mean annual increment (MAI) were estimated. Among the evaluated clones, the hybrid Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis performed best. The genetic materials which presented higher MAI values and low mortality rates were judged to be best adaptation to local edaphoclimatic conditions, so they are recommended large-scale planting in northern Mato Grosso.Nowadays in Brazil, there is strong effort to minimize the use of wood from tropical forests, mainly for lumber to make furniture and flooring, among other uses. Therefore, wood from short-cycle planted forests is increasingly important as an alternative to supply industries and at the same time prevent deforestation. The use of species with fast growth and high productivity and application of cutting-edge technologies favor the improvement of the Brazilian forest sector [1]. With an area of 7.84 million hectares (less than 1% of the country's territory), planted forests now can supply 90% of the industrial wood consumed in Brazil [2]. Among the species employed in planted forests, Eucalyptus spp. are by far the most common throughout the country, with a total of 5.7 million hectares [2], composed of different species, provenances, varieties, hybrids and clones. Brazil has a large land mass with varied climate conditions. The success of these species throughout the country can be credited to effective breeding programs that have resulted in a large pool of clones able to adapt to different soils and climates and provide wood types suitable for many uses. Nevertheless, well-adapted varieties have not been developed for some regions of the country, so research to assess the silvicultural performance and wood quality is still necessary. High productivity, wood homogeneity and multipurpose potential of forest stands are the main factors of interest [3]. The Brazilian states with largest areas occupied with Eucalyptus forests are Minas Gerais (24%), São Paulo (17%) and Mato Grosso do Sul (15%) [2]. Despite being the largest producer of grains in Brazil, especially soybeans, Mato Grosso is not among the leaders in Eucalyptus forestry. The high land prices inflated by the region's agricultural hegemony, ...
Resumo O gênero Eucalyptus incluem diversas espécies importantes para a silvicultura florestal do Brasil. Além dessas, os híbridos de Eucalyptus spp. vem apresentando elevado potencial para uso estrutural, porém muitas de suas propriedades ainda são desconhecidas, em especial de madeiras oriundas de árvores mais jovens. Logo, a caracterização tecnológica da sua madeira é de grande importância. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades tecnológicas da madeira de um híbrido clonal (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla) com cinco anos de idade, plantado na região norte do estado de Mato Grosso. Para isso foram coletadas 10 árvores, sendo retirados oito corpos de prova de cada indivíduo, as quais foram avaliadas suas propriedades físicas e mecânicas. Concluiu-se que o híbrido clonal estudado se enquadra dentro da classe C40 da norma brasileira regulamentadora de estruturas de madeiras. Palavras-chave: Tecnologia da madeira, Compressão paralela, Caracterização simplificada.
O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o comércio madeireiro no estado de Mato Grosso, analisando as principais espécies madeireiras comercializadas e os seus principais produtos gerados. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos relatórios de Beneficiamento e Comércio de Produtos da Madeira por Espécie Florestal e disponibilizados pela Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente de Mato Grosso (SEMA-MT). O diagnóstico foi realizado no período entre 2007 e 2014, onde foram analisados o volume total, os valores comercializados das dez espécies mais comercializadas e dos seus produtos gerados. As dez espécies mais comercializadas (Erisma uncinatum Warm., Goupia glabra Aubl, Qualea albiflora Warm., Qualea paraensis Ducke, Mezilaurus itauba, Qualea sp., Hymenolobium sp., Apuleia sp., Trattinnickia sp. e Vochysia sp.) obtiveram um valor de 5,6 bilhões e um volume aproximado de 10,42 milhões de metros cúbicos no período, que corresponde a 48,60% do volume total comercializado. Os produtos analisados corresponderam a quase 36% de todos os produtos comercializáveis pelas principais espécies em volume, e em valor corresponderam a cerca de 70% do total.Palavras-chave: indústria madeireira; madeira tropical; comércio de madeiras. DIAGNOSIS OF THE COMMERCIALIZATION OF SAWN TIMBER IN THE STATE OF MATO GROSSO ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to evaluate the timber trade in the state of Mato Grosso, analyzing the main timber species traded and its main products generated. The data were collected from the reports of Beneficiation and Trade of Madeira Products by Forest Species and made available by the State Secretariat of Environment of Mato Grosso (SEMA-MT). The diagnosis was made between 2007 and 2014, where the total volume, the commercialized values of the ten most traded species and their products were analyzed. The ten most commercialized species (Erisma uncinatum Warm., Goupia glabra Aubl, Qualea albiflora Warm., Qualea paraensis Ducke, Mezilaurus itauba, Qualea sp., Hymenolobium sp., Apuleia sp., Trattinnickia sp. e Vochysia sp.) obtained a value 5.8 billion and an approximate volume of 10.42 million cubic meters in the period, which corresponds to 48.60% of the total volume traded. The products analyzed corresponded to almost 36% of all products traded by the main species in volume, and in value corresponded to about 70% of the total.Keywords: timber industry; tropical wood; timber trade.
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