No abstract

No abstract

In horses, a single dose of the recombinant canarypox virus-WNV vaccine appears to provide early protection against development of viremia after challenge with WNV-infected mosquitoes, even in the absence of measurable antibody titers in some horses. This vaccine may provide veterinarians with an important tool in controlling WNV infection during a natural outbreak or under conditions in which a rapid onset of protection is required.

No abstract

No abstract

Control and glucocorticoid-treated dogs were infected with West Nile virus (WNV) through the bites of infected mosquitoes to study the effect of a commonly used immunomodulator on the magnitude and duration of viremia and on development of clinical disease. All dogs became viremic after challenge. The peak viremia and integrated magnitude of viremia were approximately 40 and 50 times higher, respectively, in the five dogs treated with methyl-prednisolone for 1 month compared with untreated dogs. None of the five control or treated dogs developed signs of clinical disease, nor was histopathologic evidence of neuroinvasion observed in any case. Neutralizing antibodies to WNV were produced in all dogs, with no apparent effect of glucocorticoid treatment. Considering the dramatic effect of glucocorticoid treatment on magnitude of viremia, it is likely that this therapy had suppressive effects on some aspect of innate immunity or T cell function.

No abstract

Canarypox-vectored EIV vaccines induce biologically important antibodies and may substantially impact CIV transmission within a community and be of great value in protecting dogs against CIV-induced disease.