Rapid onset of protection following vaccination of calves with multivalent vaccines containing modified-live or modified-live and killed BHV-1 is associated with virus-specific interferon gamma production

Woolums, Amelia R.; Siger, L.; Johnson, Scott K.; Gallo, G.; Conlon, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00560-1

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Despite their high BoHV-1 specific IFN-γ production and lymphocyte proliferation, the calves vaccinated three times with the pCDNA3.1VP8 showed no reduction of virus excretion as compared to the controls. This discrepancy between the cellular immune response and the virological protection after challenge contrasts with the results of studies performed with conventional vaccines [20,57] but is in agreement with observations of BoHV-1 DNA immunisation studies using other viral antigens [33,34,43]. The viral target antigens of DNA vaccines are very limited as compared to those encountered in conventional vaccines and the protective cellular immunity may be restricted to only a few proteins of BoHV-1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Genetic immunisation of cattle against Bovine herpesvirus 1: glycoprotein gD confers higher protection than glycoprotein gC or tegument protein VP8

et al. 2005

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-Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) has frequently been used as a model for testing parameters affecting DNA immunisation in large animals like cattle. However, the selection of target antigens has been poorly studied, and most of the experiments have been conducted in mice. In the present study, we demonstrated in cattle that a DNA vaccine encoding BoHV-1 glycoprotein gD induces higher neutralising antibody titres than vaccines encoding BoHV-1 gC. Additionally, we show that a DNA vaccine encoding a secreted form of gD induces a higher immune response than a vaccine encoding full-length gD. However, the enhanced immunogenicity associated with the secretion of gD could not be extended to the glycoprotein gC. The current study also describes for the first time the development and the evaluation of a DNA vaccine encoding the major tegument protein VP8. This construct, which is the first BoHV-1 plasmid vaccine candidate that is not directed against a surface glycoprotein, induced a high BoHV-1 specific cellular immunity but no humoral immune response. The calves vaccinated with the constructs encoding full-length and truncated gD showed a non-significant tenfold reduction of virus excretion after challenge. Those calves also excreted virus for significantly (p < 0.05) shorter periods (1.5 days) than the nonvaccinated controls. The other constructs encoding gC and VP8 antigens induced no virological protection as compared to controls. Altogether the DNA vaccines induced weaker immunity and protection than conventional marker vaccines tested previously, confirming the difficulty to develop efficient DNA vaccines in large species.BoHV-1 / DNA immunisation / gC / gD / VP8

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Genetic immunisation of cattle against Bovine herpesvirus 1: glycoprotein gD confers higher protection than glycoprotein gC or tegument protein VP8

et al. 2005

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“…As such, it has been defined as an observed reduction in clinical signs such as decreased virus shedding, lowered temperature, and decreased nasal secretions (87). Following challenge with BoHV-1, we observed a reduction in the clinical signs of infection in calves vaccinated with the fusion construct pMASIA-BNBD3-tgD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Contrary to what was observed in the avian model, the addition of beta-defensin gave protection equivalent to, but not better than, what was observed in the group given the DNA vaccine encoding the antigen alone. This was surprising in light of the improvements seen in the avian study and because protective vaccination against BoHV-1 has also been associated with increased CMI responses, particularly those in the form of increased IFN-␥ production (87). Given that humoral immunity was not enhanced in calves vaccinated with pMASIA-BNBD3-tgD compared to those vaccinated with pMASIA-tgD and that inefficient humoral immune responses have been implicated in a lack of protection from BoHV-1 challenge (reviewed in reference 88), this does suggest that the humoral immune responses were not high enough and that the improved cellular immunity induced by BNBD3 was not sufficient to result in enhanced protection from BoHV-1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion of the Bovine Neutrophil Beta-Defensin 3 with Glycoprotein D of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 in a DNA Vaccine Modulates Immune Responses of Mice and Cattle

Mackenzie-Dyck

Kovacs-Nolan

Snider

et al. 2014

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) causes recurrent respiratory and genital infections in cattle and predisposes them to lethal secondary infections. While modified live and killed BoHV-1 vaccines exist, these are not without problems. Development of an effective DNA vaccine for BoHV-1 has the potential to address these issues. As a strategy to enhance DNA vaccine immunity, a plasmid encoding the bovine neutrophil beta-defensin 3 (BNBD3) as a fusion with truncated glycoprotein D (tgD) and a mix of two plasmids encoding BNBD3 and tgD were tested in mice and cattle. In mice, coadministration of BNBD3 on the separate plasmid enhanced the tgD-induced gamma interferon (IFN-␥) response but not the antibody response. BNBD3 fused to tgD did not affect the antibody levels or the number of IFN-␥-secreting cells but increased the induction of tgD-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). In cattle, the addition of BNBD3 as a fusion construct also modified the immune response. While the IgG and virus-neutralizing antibody levels were not affected, the number of IFN-␥-secreting cells was increased after BoHV-1 challenge, specifically the CD8؉ CTLs. While reduced virus shedding, rectal temperature, and weight loss were observed, the level of protection was comparable to that observed in pMASIA-tgD-vaccinated animals. These data show that coadministration of BNBD3 with a protective antigen as a fusion in a DNA vaccine strengthened the Th1 bias and increased cell-mediated immune responses but did not enhance protection from BoHV-1 infection.

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“…Although some studies have reported no difference in antibody response between KV and MLV vaccines [43], Downey-Slinker et al [19] found that the MLV-vaccinated steers in the present study had greater BVDV Type 1b titer concentrations compared with KV-vaccinated steers prior to BVDV challenge, but KV-vaccinated steers had greater titers at 14 d following the challenge. Additionally, MLV vaccines have been shown to reduce susceptibility to lymphopenia and reduce the fever response to a greater extent as compared with KV vaccines [13,14]. Collectively, results from these studies suggest that the MLV vaccine was more effective at mitigating subclinical symptoms of BRD compared with the KV vaccine.…”

Section: Vaccine Treatment Effectsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In general, modifiedlive vaccines (MLV) have been shown to elicit more robust and longer-lasting immune responses [9,10] compared with killed vaccines (KV). Furthermore, modified live vaccination programs have been reported to reduce morbidity [11] and mortality rates [12], and lymphocytopenia [13] and pyrexia [14] compared with killed or no vaccine programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Multivalent BRD Vaccine Treatment and Temperament on Performance and Feeding Behavior Responses to a BVDV1b Challenge in Beef Steers

Smith¹,

Carstens

Runyan

et al. 2021

Animals

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This study examined the effects of multivalent respiratory vaccine treatment (VT) and animal temperament classification on feeding behavior traits, feed intake and animal performance in response to a bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) challenge. Nellore–Angus crossbred steers (n = 360; initial body weight (BW) 330 ± 48 kg) were assigned to one of three vaccine treatments: non-vaccinated (NON), modified live (MLV) and killed (KV) regarding respiratory viral pathogens, and inoculated intranasally with the same BVDV1b strain. Cattle temperament categories were based on exit velocity. Overt clinical signs of respiratory disease were not observed, yet the frequency and duration of bunk visit events as well as traditional performance traits decreased (p < 0.01) following BVDV challenge and then rebounded in compensatory fashion. The reduction in dry matter intake (DMI) was less (p < 0.05) for MLV-vaccinated steers, and MLV-vaccinated steers had longer (p < 0.01) durations of bunk visit and meal events and slower (p < 0.01) eating rates compared with KV- and non-vaccinated steers following BVDV challenge. Greater differences in most feeding behavior traits due to VT existed within calm vs. excitable steers. Respiratory vaccination can reduce the sub-clinical feeding behavior and performance effects of BVDV in cattle, and the same impacts may not occur across all temperament categories.

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Rapid onset of protection following vaccination of calves with multivalent vaccines containing modified-live or modified-live and killed BHV-1 is associated with virus-specific interferon gamma production

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Genetic immunisation of cattle against Bovine herpesvirus 1: glycoprotein gD confers higher protection than glycoprotein gC or tegument protein VP8

Genetic immunisation of cattle against Bovine herpesvirus 1: glycoprotein gD confers higher protection than glycoprotein gC or tegument protein VP8

Inclusion of the Bovine Neutrophil Beta-Defensin 3 with Glycoprotein D of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 in a DNA Vaccine Modulates Immune Responses of Mice and Cattle

Effects of Multivalent BRD Vaccine Treatment and Temperament on Performance and Feeding Behavior Responses to a BVDV1b Challenge in Beef Steers

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