On farm conservation of agrobiodiversity in family farms in Jequié, Bahia State, BrazilThe Caatinga is a priority area for biodiversity conservation in Brazil. In these areas there are many communities of farmers that maintain traditional agricultural practices which are vital for on farm conservation. The aim of this study was a survey on the socioeconomic and cultural profile of stallholders, identifying species and managements in their farms that favor on farm conservation of the diversity of cultivated species. The influence of the area of cultivated land on the richness and abundance of plants was analyzed. The survey was carried out through visits to street markets and family farmer units located in the municipality of Jequié -BA, Northeastern Brazil. Twenty-eight species were cited for food utilization, belonging to 17 families, totalling 75 etnovarieties. The influence of the area of cultivated land on the species richness showed low correlation (r = 0.29, p < 0.01), but showed a strong correlation (r = 0.69, p <0.01) on species abundance. Most farmers have little formal schooling and low income. The occurrence of on farm conservation was detected in the studied areas.
A seleção de gametófitos que respondem a determinados tratamentos de forma diferenciada é de grande importância em programas de melhoramento vegetal. Portanto, foi objetivo deste trabalho avaliar o efeito do estresse salino sob a taxa de viabilidade polínica em mamona (R. comunnis L.). Foram coletadas 300 flores de 60 plantas espontâneas, previamente selecionadas com base em seu aspecto fitossanitário, a partir de duas populações obtidas no município de Jequié -BA. Para seleção in vitro foram testados 5 meios de cultura com diferentes concentrações de NaCl, quais sejam: M1 = 0; M2 = 25; M3 = 50; M4= 75 e M5 = 100 (mM). Foram observadas variações na taxa de germinação dos grãos de pólen, tanto para uma, quanto para outra população. Para todas as plantas de cada uma das populações estudadas, a taxa de germinação de pólen foi maior no meio de cultura contendo 0mM de NaCl, o que significa que o sal influência esta característica.UNITERMOS -Polén, Germinação, Fator Estressante, NaCl. IN VITRO SELECTION OF CASTOR BEAN TO SALT STRESS RESISTANCE: FOCUS ON SPONTANEOUS PLANTS ABSTRACTThe gametophytic selection that reacts to certain treatments in a differentiated manner is of great importance in plant breeding programs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the saline stress effect under the viability pollinic rate in castor oil plant (R. comunnis L.). Three hundred flowers of 60 spontaneous plants were collected, previously selected based on their phytosanitary aspect, from two populations obtained in the city of Jequié -BA. For in vitroselection 5 culture medium were tested with different NaCl concentrations, which were M1 = 0; M2 = 25; M3 = 50; 75 M4= and M5 = 100 (mM). Variations were observed in the pollen grains germination rate, for both populations. All plants of each studied populations hadpollen germination rate higher in the culture medium containing 0mM of NaCl, which means that the salt influences this characteristic.
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