The genetic integrity of crossfertile bovine-or cattle-like species may be endangered by species hybridization. Previously, amplified fragment length polymorphism, satellite fragment length polymorphism and microsatellite assays have been used to analyze the species composition of nuclear DNA in taurine cattle, zebu, banteng and bison populations, while mitochondrial DNA reveals the origin of the maternal lineages. Here, we describe species-specific markers of the paternally transmitted Y-chromosome for the direct detection of male-mediated introgression. Convenient PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and competitive PCR assays are shown to differentiate the Y-chromosomes of taurine cattle, American bison and European bison, and to detect the banteng origin of Indonesian Madura and Bali cattle bulls.

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The Colombian population, for his history contains an ancestral mix of Europeans, Native Americans and Africans, these mixing ratios can be determined by Ancestry-Informative Markers (AIMs), this markers allow us to observe stratification in genetic association studies. The aim of this study was to determine the mixing ratios in a population sample of 500 individuals the Department of Cauca, Colombia with three different origins (European, Native American and African) using a set of 46 AIMs insertion-deletion (AIM-INDELs). The software STRUCTURE v 2.3.4 was used to determine the ancestral mixture. The average composition of the population of the Department of Cauca was 48% for Native American, 39% for European and 14% for African. It showed that the ancestral composition of the Department of Cauca has a greater contribution of Native Americans and Europeans compared to Africans which could be explained by the European migrations during the conquest of America.2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

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