Edaphic climatic conditions directly affect the population dynamics of nematode assemblages and management strategies. The objective of this study was to characterize spatiotemporal changes in nematode abundance and diversity in sugarcane fields of northeastern Brazil under different edaphic climatic conditions. Soil samples from seven geoenvironmental sites under continuous cultivation were taken at planting and 4, 9, and 14 months after planting. Nematode abundance and diversity varied with the soil's physical and chemical characteristics. Sites in the rainfed and irrigated coastal tables as well the floodplain had higher number of nematodes in contrast to the flat-land and hillside. The abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes increased concurrently with crop development, but the number of taxa decreased. Meloidogyne and Pratylenchus were the dominant plant-parasitic genera across locations, but bacterivores were dominant in southern sites at field replanting. Heat map delineated two distinct groups of nematode distribution within the geoenvironmental zones, rather than the sampling times. Pratylenchus density was high in both groups, but in contrast with Meloidogyne and Criconemella, the abundance of Pratylenchus and Helicotylenchus was higher in sites with lower soil bulk density and higher porosity, clay, organic matter, and water contents as those in the southern sites, reflecting edaphic climatic conditions.
The present study had as objective to evaluate methyl jasmonate and potassium silicate effect on Meloidogyne incognita parasitism in sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) variety RB863129 and peroxidase and -1,3-glucanase activity elicited, under greenhouse. The effect of Methyl jasmonate and potassium silicate did not affect shoot biomass. Methyl jasmonate and potassium silicate significantly decreased eggs number Guimarães, L.M.P., Pedrosa, E.M.R., Coelho, R.S.B., Couto, E.F., Maranhão, S.R.V.L. & Chaves, A. Efficiency and enzymatic activity elicited by methyl jasmonate and potassium silicate on sugarcane under Meloidogyne incognita parasitism. Summa Phytopathologica, v.36, n.1, p.11-15, 2010.
O desenvolvimento de variedades resistentes constitui uma das principais alternativas para o manejo dos nematoides formadores de galhas em cana-de-açúcar. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento das variedades RB92579, RB863129, RB867515 e SP81-3250 em diferentes densidades de Meloidogyne incognita e M. enterolobii e o efeito dos genótipos sobre a reprodução dos nematoides, em condições de casa de vegetação. Plantas com um mês de cultivo tiveram o solo infestado com crescentes densidades de inóculo (0, 5000, 10000 e 20000 ovos e juvenis por planta) em delineamento inteiramente casualizado e foram avaliadas 90 dias após a infestação do solo quanto à reprodução do nematoide, peso da biomassa fresca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular, diâmetro do colmo, altura da planta e índice de galhas. As variedades RB863129, RB867515 e SP81-3250 foram resistentes ao parasitismo de M. enterolobii e a variedade RB92579, imune. Todas as variedades foram susceptíveis a M. incognita, embora as variedades RB863129 e RB 867515 se tenham destacado das demais, por apresentarem maior tolerância a esse nematoide.
Nematode problems of the melon crop in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil This paper reports the occurrence of the nematodes Rotylenchulus reniformis, Meloidogyne javanica and M. incognita in melon (Cucumis melo) fields of the Tropical Fruit Project Mossoró-Açu, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The presence of the these nematodes was associated with large patchy growth and severe yield losses. This is the first report of R. reniformis infecting melon in Brazil
The effects of Coda Radimax (CR), Coda Humus-PK (CH) and Coda Vit (CV) on the induction of resistance for
RESUMOCom o objetivo de estudar produtos alternativos no manejo integrado de nematoides em cana-de-açúcar, foi instalado o experimento em blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições, com os seguintes tratamentos, aplicados isoladamente ou em conjunto: Acibenzolar-S-Metil -ASM (100 g p.c./100 L) pulverizado aos dois e quatro meses após o plantio; fertilizante calcário (600 kg p.c. ha -1 ); extrato de nim a 1%; aldicarbe (10 kg p.c. ha -1 ); torta de filtro (50 t ha -1 ); ASM (100 g p.c./100 L) em rebolos; e testemunha, na variedade RB813804. Aumentos nas densidades populacionais de Meloidogyne spp. em cana descreveram modelos de regressão exponenciais quadráticos que foram derivados. Os tratamentos com torta de filtro e fertilizante calcário apresentaram as maiores (P £ 0,05) produtividades. Em raízes, menores taxas de crescimento da população de Meloidogyne spp.ocorreram nas parcelas tratadas com aldicarbe + nim, aldicarbe + fertilizante calcário, e fertilizante calcário isoladamente. O ASM não promoveu efeito significativo sobre a densidade deste fitonematoide e o extrato de nim foi eficiente quando usado com aldicarbe ou torta de filtro+aldicarbe. O Pratylenchus zeae não foi afetado pelos tratamentos.Palavras-chave: acibenzolar-S-Metil, nematoide das lesões, nematoide das galhas, nim, torta de filtro Alternatives for the integrated manager of phytonematodes in sugarcane ABSTRACT With the objective to study alternative products in the integrated handling of nematodes in sugarcane, the experiment was installed in randomized blocks, with five replications, with the following treatments, applied separately or together: Acibenzolar-S-Methyl -ASM (100 g p.c./100 L) pulverized two and four months after the planting; lime fertilizer (600 kg p.c. ha -1 ); neem extract at 1 %; aldicarb (10 kg p.c. ha -1 ); filter press mud (50 t ha -1 ); ASM (100 g p.c./100 L) in seed stalks; and control, on the variety RB813804. Increases in the population densities of Meloidogyne spp. in cane described quadratic exponential regression models, which were derived. The treatments with filter press mud and lime fertilizer presented the highest (P £ 0.05) productivity. In roots, lower growth rates of the Meloidogyne spp. population were observed in the pieces treated with aldicarb + neem, aldicarb + lime fertilizer and lime fertilizer separately. ASM did not promote significant effect on the density of this phytonematode and the neem extract was efficient when used with aldicarb or filter press mud + aldicarb. Pratylenchus zeae was not affected by the treatments.
Autor para correspondência: Romero Marinho de Moura RESUMO Gravioleira, uma nova hospedeira de Rotylenchulus reniformis Este trabalho reporta o primeiro assinalamento do parasitismo de Rotylenchulus reniformis em gravioleira (Annona muricata) resultando numa condição de doença na hospedeira. A identificação específica do nematóide foi feita por micrometria de fêmeas imaturas, associada à presença de machos, de acordo com Lehman & Inserra. A síndrome foi considerada severa, afetando o desenvolvimento do hospedeiro.
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