Effect of storage and insect infestation on physicochemical and nutritive values of sundried yam (Dioscorea Rotundata) were studied. The samples were subjected to proximate and elemental analyses. There was a decrease in carbohydrate value of the infested yam compared with the uninfested yam which was also found to be lower than that of the raw yam. Copper, zinc, iron, magnesium, potassium, calcium and sodium were found to be 72.69 mg/100g, 70.58 mg/100g, 78.88 mg/100g, 71.70 mg/100g, 76.60 mg/100g, 60.06 mg/100g and 50.35 mg/100g in uninfested yam while the values of the mineral elements in the infested yam samples were obtained as 76.22 mg/100g, 75.91 mg/100g, 77.02 mg/100g, 76.08 mg/100g, 80.04 mg/100g, 64.55 mg/100g, 52.02 mg/100g compared to the raw yam which gave 74.44 mg/100g, 73.58 mg/100g, 79.99 mg/100g, 75.48 mg/100g, 78.26 mg/100g, 72.98 mg/100g and 51.50 mg/100g respectively. The Results showed that the samples were non–resistant to insect infestation with acute deterioration in food values.
Eight different improved varieties of maize grain from IITA, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria and a local maize from Bodija market, Ibadan were examined for their varietal differences. Proximate analysis of the improved varieties of the maize grain and the local maize were carried out. Elemental analysis of the improved varieties of the maize and the local maize were also carried out by using spectrophotometry method. The moisture content of the improved varieties of the maize ranged from 7.75-10.05% and the local maize was 9.25%. The ash content of the improved varieties maize varied from 1.45%-3.47% while the local maize gave 2.22%. The protein, oil, crude fibre and carbohydrate contents of the improved maize varieties ranged from 9.35-11.15%, 3.50%-8.42%, 1.40%-3.55% and 65.35%-73.82% respectively. Similarly, the local maize variety gave 9.40%, 4.25%, 1.55% and 73.55% for the protein, oil, crude fibre and carbohydrate contents respectively. The improved maize varieties gave higher results for protein, crude fiber and oil contents than the local maize variety. The elemental analysis showed that the sodium element in the improved varieties of the maize was found between 85.01-165.11 mg/100g while the local maize was 110.21 mg/100g. The magnesium, potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, copper and zinc in the improved varieties of the maize were in the range of 27.51-35.54 mg/100g, 250,05-307.56 mg/100g, 1.49-1.64 mg/100g, 0.51-1.38 mg/100g, 2.52-7.59 mg/100g, 1.49-2.75 mg/100g and 4.25-11.03 mg/100g respectively except the ACR-85TZSR-Y-1 of the improved variety in which manganese was not detected while the mineral elements in the local maize were obtained as 110.21, 35.01, 247.52, 1.47, 0.63, 4.52, 2.75, 7.04 respectively. Most of the improved varieties showed higher values of the mineral elements than the local variety except sodium, manganese and copper where lower values were observed
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