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The recent experiment was conducted to assess the effect of herbicide (quizalafop-p-ethyl) on growth, photosynthetic pigments, enzymes and yield of Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) during the summer season 2013-2014. This experiment comprised black gram (variety ADT 3) and different concentrations of herbicide (quizalafop-p-ethyl) treatments compared with control. Reduction in growth, photosynthetic pigments, enzymes and yield parameters were observed with 0.5 % herbicide application followed by 1 %, 1.5 % and 2 %, out of all treatments 0.5 % shows least reduction. Thus, 0.5 % herbicide application is the safest way for weed control in Black gram field as it showed least adverse effect on growth, photosynthetic pigments, enzymes and yield of crop when compared with other treatments.

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The introduction of indigenous or exotic weeds to the habitats outside their native range and their successful colonization is defined as biological invasion which ultimately poses threat to economy, environment and biodiversity. In the present study, the invasive plant species with special reference to the invasive plants in Salem District, Tamil Nadu, India and the possible threat to the local biodiversity by their invasion has been investigated. The study focused the rapid spread of invasive weeds, Alternanthera ficoidea (L.) P. Beauv., Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb., Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob., Ipomoea staphylina Roem. & Schult., Lantana camara L., Parthenium hysterophorus L. and Sesamum alatum Thonn. In view of the biodiversity threat by these invasive weeds, possible utilization of weedbiomass through vermicomposting is addressed.

ABSTRACT. The present study aimed to isolate and identify the chlorpyrifos resistant soil bacteria from contaminated soils in order to be used for bioremediation of polluted environments. Bacteria were isolated from two cultivated plant root rhizopheric soil of Cocks comb (Celosia cristata) and Marigold (Tagetes erecta).The pesticide was tested at 5 elevated doses,0.5%, 1%, 2%, 2.5% and control. Physiochemical properties of soils, P H , Electrical conductivity, Organic carbon, Organic matter, Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, Manganese and Iron were analyzed. Based on morphological and biochemical tests the isolates were identified as Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Thus, the organisms can be exploited for bioremediation of chlorpyrifos polluted soil, and their ability to degrade other organophosphates pesticide.

The recent experiment was conducted to assess the effect of herbicide (quizalafop-p-ethyl) on growth, photosynthetic pigments, enzymes and yield of Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) during the summer season 2013-2014. This experiment comprised black gram (variety ADT 3) and different concentrations of herbicide (quizalafop-p-ethyl) treatments compared with control. Reduction in growth, photosynthetic pigments, enzymes and yield parameters were observed with 0.5 % herbicide application followed by 1 %, 1.5 % and 2 %, out of all treatments 0.5 % shows least reduction. Thus, 0.5 % herbicide application is the safest way for weed control in Black gram field as it showed least adverse effect on growth, photosynthetic pigments, enzymes and yield of crop when compared with other treatments.