Every year, the consumption of vegetables grown on the territory of our country increases, which became possible not only in the summer, when mass cultivation begins in the open ground, but also in winter, due to the functioning of a large number of greenhouse complexes. Greenhouse vegetable growing is a priority in the development of the agro-industrial sector of the state. On the territory of the country, greenhouses exist for a fairly long period. Modern greenhouse complexes differ both in the way of growing vegetable products and in the working conditions of employees. Working in greenhouses that use soil is associated with physical stress, in contrast to modern complexes, where the work on watering plants is automated, and plant care has new means of mechanization. Hygienic assessment and comparative characteristics of the working conditions of greenhouse workers were carried out when performing work during the annual cycle of growing vegetable products. The effect of physical factors and the severity of the labor process was evaluated. The results of the study showed that the work of vegetable growers working at enterprises with different technologies of crop cultivation differs both in the impact of physical factors and in the class of labor severity. Modern greenhouse complexes are able to create favorable climatic conditions for personnel, thanks to an automated microclimate management system. With the mechanization of the labour process, working conditions talionic improved with class 3.2 (harmful heavy labor 2-degree) to class 3.1 (harmful hard work of 1 degree). Comparative characteristics of the working conditions of greenhouses, allowed us to talk about the introduction of new technologies in the process of growing vegetables, as an event that contributes not only to improving the productivity of vegetable crops, but also a preventive measure that improves the working conditions of vegetable growers.
The aim of the study was to assess the socio-economic factors and some components of the lifestyle of female workers in greenhouse farms in the Voronezh region for the period 2018-2019. Materials and methods. The research material was the results of a questionnaire survey of 451 female worker of agricultural enterprises in the Voronezh region. The results were processed using Microsoft Excel 2010. Results. The study showed female workers in greenhouse farms in the area in most cases had a low level of income (less than 8 thousand roubles/family member), only 60.31% of female workers had good living conditions. Most of the female workers (79.82%) had specialized secondary education. Characteristics of the marital status of greenhouse workers in the studied production groups showed that only half of the workers were officially married (55.21%). Informal relationships and divorces were found much more often in vegetable and mushroom female growers. A registered marriage was seen less frequently than in the control group. The income level of fewer than 8 thousand rubles per family member was of decisive importance for the possibility of marriage. It was also associated with a low level of quality of relations between partners. According to the survey, the majority of female workers had good family relations (71.62%). Inappropriate and awful relationships were observed only in families with less than 8 thousand rubles per capita income, and excellent - only at a higher income level. The majority of the surveyed women was found to have bad habits: 88.16 - 90.74% of women indicated alcohol consumption, without significant differences between the studied groups; significantly more often smoking cigarettes was observed among vegetable and mushroom growers in comparison with the control group - 34.29% and 28.57%, respectively, versus 13.89%. Conclusion. The determining factors of the quality of life were the levels of per capita income and education, which influence all aspects of the lifestyle, including bad habits.
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