The analysis of domestic and foreign sources on the methodology of construction and use of integral indices of quality of the urban environment and sustainable urban development was carried out. It is shown that these indices can be represented as urban-ecological in a broad sense. A method developed by the authors for the formation of a dynamic quality index of the urban environment, which allows the dynamics of the index and its components to evaluate both the quality of the urban environment and the direction of its change, is presented. Using the example of Kirov, the environmental characteristics of the urban environment, taken into account when calculating the index, and the problems of their measurement and presentation are described in detail. The prospects of the developed methodology for solving problems of urban ecological development are shown.
The article discusses the target states of international economic integration, revealing the prospects and priorities of development of the regional and world economy on condition of optimization of existing and prospective resources. The aim of the study is to identify the determinants of complementarity of the interests of participants in the integration process at global and regional levels and the conditions for adaptation of their competitive advantages in the developing international economic environment. The subject of the study is the economic relations of participants of the integration interaction, the content of which determines the possibility of creating a synergistic effect in case of mutually beneficial activities and strengthening competitive advantages in the geo-economic space. The hypothesis about the influence of the ability to enhance market self-organization of various participants in the context of the balance of their interests on the strengthening multi-level integration processes is justified. The institutional approach in forming joint economic actions is considered as a systematic process of expanding relationships between participants of integration processes. The scientific contribution is presented by the substantiation of the methodological ideas on the positioning participants of international economic integration. The methods of institutional theory, analysis, and synthesis, logical and comparative methods were used. The conclusion presents recommendations aimed at expanding and deepening integration effects in the formation of differentiated market niches in the geo-economic space.
The article considers industrial cooperation as a tool for fast implementation of innovative developments in the engineering industry. Industrial cooperation has a significant impact on the formation of sustainable innovative development of the economy and contributes to expansion of science-intensive export-oriented engineering production with high added value. The aim of the study is to determine the importance of expanding and intensifying the industrial, organizational and technological interactions of participants in cooperative collaboration in mechanical engineering for enhancing the transition to the production of innovative products. The subject of the study is economic and innovation-oriented relations of participants of industrial cooperation in mechanical engineering that arise in the process of their cooperation. The study substantiated the hypothesis about the effect of interest in the multifaceted interaction of participants of cooperative activities on the innovative development of the mechanical engineering industry. The novelty of the paper is provided by the justification of the need to build a mechanism for initiating and activating of innovation driven relations between participants in cooperative interactions in mechanical engineering to strengthen the innovative development of the economy. The article analyzes the efficiency of the implementation of the Programs for the development of regional cooperation of industrial enterprises in the Volga Federal District (VFD), gives a comparative review of the economic indicators of VFD constituent entities. The methods of institutional theory, analysis and synthesis, logical, statistical and comparative methods are used in the study. In conclusion, the article presents recommendations on increasing the efficiency of initiating and activating of innovatively directed relations between engineering enterprises and related industries, education institutions and authorities.
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