The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that at the present stage the innovative activity of the region becomes one of the most important spheres of its socioeconomic development, since innovations inevitably entail a very wide range of changes in the main directions of economic development, in technology and production technologies, as well as determine the emergence of many social, organizational and managerial innovations. Therefore, the further progressive development of the regions and the country largely depends on the state of their innovation subsystems as the most important tool for the implementation of the innovation scenario, which allows to ensure conditions for sustainable economic growth. The creation of market system institutions that influence the formation and development of the business sector is the most significant problem, especially in the specific conditions of the transformation of the national economy. Institutional changes are reflected in the actions of entities engaged in entrepreneurial activity in all spheres and sectors of the national economy in accordance with the requirements of objective laws of social development.
The paper presents the research results of an investigation into the state of scientific, technologi cal, trade and economic interactions between Russia and Ukraine in terms of their potential, prospects, and problems impeding their cooperation. It is shown that there is a considerable scientific and technological potential both in Russia and Ukraine. Opportunities and conditions for the modernization of both countries' economies are shown to depend on the coordinated use of their potentials.
Given the growing role of technological foresight as a tool for reconciling visions, goals and ways of STI development in an era of rapid technological change and global challenges, the approach to foresight research to select priorities for science and innovation in Ukraine for 2022–2026 has been improved. It takes into account a wide range of national targets for achieving SDGs by 2030. The developed Methodological recommendations provided a thorough analysis of more than 3,000 potentially acceptable technological and innovative proposals. The approach to setting STI priorities is new for Ukraine and involves a consistent process of selecting the top 30 most acceptable proposals in each of the seven thematic areas through five stages of discussions and evaluations. The result was the formation of a database of technology passports and developments on the experts’ proposals, their selection by practitioners, ranking, evaluation in terms of the potential of Ukrainian science and relevance in terms of world science and new technologies using international databases. They are the basis for decisions by the Expert Councils and the High-Level Working Group on key thematic areas and the preparation of a relevant draft government decision. Despite the conditions of quarantine, for the first time more than 2,500 experts from science, business, state and public organizations took part in the discussions, which is the basis for impartial and public decision-making. To strengthen the role of foresight as a tool for public planning and management in the field of STI, it is proposed to develop a STI roadmap as part of a research and innovation strategy for smart specialization (RIS 3) at the national level.
The object of research is the use of science, technology and innovation (STI) to achieve the national Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Purpose: developing the methodological guidelines for the STI roadmap formation to achieve the national SDGs as a strategic tool for aligning STI policy with national development policy; mobilizing the STI potential to restore the Ukraine's economy development from the effects of the Russian Federation's aggressive war against Ukraine. Methods: foresight research, literature analysis, business and information analytics, intellectual property analytics. Work results: 1. Guidelines for developing the roadmap for the STI use to achieve the national SDGs have been developed, including six sequential steps: (1) defining the objectives, specific targets and scope of the STI Roadmap for SDGs; (2) analysis of the current situation and new trends in the STI sphere; (3) developing a vision, objectives and priorities for the STI use to achieve SDGs; (4) assessment of alternative pathways; (5) development of a comprehensive STI roadmap for SDGs; (6) establishing a system for monitoring and evaluating progress in implementing the STI Roadmap. 2. The draft list of scientific and technical and innovative activity priority directions for the SDGs achievement based on the methodical recommendations for defining the scientific and technical and innovative activity priority directions was formed 3. The form of passports to analyze the current situation and new trends in STI according the SDG targets have been developed. Scope of the results application: the STI sphere normative-legal regulation; developing the drafts of smart specialization research and innovation strategies for pilot regions. Conclusions and prospects for further explorations. The presented methodological recommendations include substantiation of the vision, tasks and priorities of STI system development to achieve the national SDG targets, based on diagnostics of STI strengths and weaknesses as well as the results of discussing the relevant measures of national strategic documents with policies and tools to stimulate research and innovation with stakeholders from government, business and research communities, etc. Further research should focus on developing the STI roadmap to achieve the national SDG targets, developing indicators for monitoring and evaluating progress in implementing the STI roadmap.
The geopolitical, economic, environmental and social instability that has increased in recent years in the world requires the development and implementation of an effective sustainable development policy that provides for the adoption of balanced decisions from the standpoint of a fair assessment of the contribution of all three of its components (economic, social and environmental) to the overall result of economic activity and social progress. To assess the policy effectiveness on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) implementation, its achievements and gaps, the positions of Ukraine in international indexes of sustainable / green development were used: New Transitions Performance Index, Green Future Index, Index SDG, Green Growth Index, Global Sustainability Competitiveness Index. The use of several indexes contributes to a more comprehensive and objective analysis. Such an assessment will help to make informed management decisions, taking into account the impact of possible crisis situations. Based on the results of Ukraine’s positions analysis in international indexes, it was determined that, despite a significant number of state strategic documents and a large volume of tasks, not all of the 17 SDGs tasks have clear quantitative performance indicators, and the responsibility for their implementation is blurred. This analysis made it possible to identify factors of slow movement towards sustainable development, indicators of such stagnation. Such indicators cover almost all points of resource efficiency: a low share of renewable energy sources and a high share of extractive sources, high water, waste and resource intensity of GDP; the green economic incentives: lack of incentives and finances for the expansion of trade in ecological goods and services, for eco-innovations, extremely low volumes for R&D funding – the source of innovations and technologies; indices of effective management: perception of corruption index, volume of investments in % of GDP, quality of public services; intellectual capital index: quantity of received intellectual property rights per capita, etc. It is proposed to determine the movement activators towards sustainable development during the formation of the science, technology and innovation (STI) road map to achieve the SDGs, which is being developed at Ukrainian Institute of Scientific and Technical Expertise and Information within the framework of the relevant UN Global pilot program.
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