Significance and Impact of the Study: This study summarized the virulence and antimicrobial resistance in Aeromonas spp. associated with shellfish. This review may help to increase consumer awareness about the possible health risk of shellfish borne Aeromonas spp. infections and emphasizes the importance of alternative or regulated control methods in Aeromonas spp. infections as most of the antimicrobials are less effective against them.

Leading nosocomial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa has increasingly been reported to be an opportunistic pathogen. In this study, a total of twenty P. aeruginosa isolates were isolated from 40 pet Chinese stripe-necked turtles and examined for their antimicrobial and heavy metal resistance properties. All isolates were multidrug resistance by scoring multiple antimicrobial resistance indices ≥0.2. In the disc distribution test, 100% resistance to ampicillin and oxacillin were detected. In addition to that, 14 (70%) isolate demonstrated amoxicillin resistance. Imipenem, fosfomycin, gentamycin, tobramycin and piperacillin resistance were detected in 40%, 15%, 20%, 10% and 5% of the isolates, respectively. The ESBLs gene that predominated in this study was blaSHV (55%), followed by blaTEM (50%), blaCTX (10%) and blaOXA (5%). The most frequent aminoglycoside resistance gene in this study was aac(6´)-Ib (40%). Class1 integron integrase gene intI1 and class 1 integron gene cassette gene aadA1 were detected in 45% and 35% of the isolates, respectively. All P. aeruginosa isolates demonstrated Cu and Cd resistance. CzcA and CopA genes were detected in 65% and 30% of the isolates, respectively. These findings reveal the presence of pet turtle-born P. aeruginosa can be a potential risk to public health and cannot be excluded as a non-nosocomial source of infections.