Recently, short-distance high-speed wireless communication using a 60 GHz band has been studied for mobile application. To realize higher-speed wireless communication while maintaining low power consumption for mobile application D band (110-170 GHz) is promising since it can potentially provide a wider frequency band. Thus, we have studied D-band CMOS circuits to realize low-power ultrahigh-speed wireless communication. In the D band, however, since no sufficient device model is provided, research generally has to start from device modeling. In this paper, a design procedure for D-band CMOS circuits is overviewed from the device layer to the system layer, where the architecture is optimized to realize both low power and high data transfer rate. Finally, a 10 Gbps wireless transceiver with a power consumption of 98 mW is demonstrated using the 135 GHz band.
We developed a discharge plasma reactor under liquid fertilizer for inactivating bacteria in the recirculation system of hydroponics. The plasma reactor consisted of a wire electrode that was placed in an insulating circular cylinder and a grounded electrode on a cylinder outside. The reactor was sunk under liquid fertilizer when used. Atmospheric air was injected into the cylinder using a gas pump and released through arrayed tiny holes of the reactor. Repetitive nanosecond high-voltage pulses were applied to the wire electrode using a magnetic pulse compression pulsed-power generator. The performance of the developed reactor was evaluated using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., Rinka 409) seedlings in hydroponics. In this study, 15 L of liquid fertilizer was contaminated with Ralstonia solanacearum, a plant pathogenic bacterium, after 40 min of discharge plasma treatment. The discharge plasma treatment was then continued for 100 min. Results showed that the number of colony forming units (CFU) of R. solanacearum in the liquid fertilizer decreased from 10 7 to 10 2 CFU/mL using the discharge plasma treatment. Seedlings with discharge plasma treatment were relatively healthy; in contrast, all seedlings in the positive control wilted and died from infection of R. solanacearum after 12 d. Disease severity was also suppressed after discharge plasma treatment.
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