Background: Gender and age are known factors that affect postoperative pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of gender and age on postoperative pain and analgesic consumptions after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods: We studied 240 adult patients (120 female patients and 120 male patients) who underwent elective 3-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. The numerical rating scale (NRS) scores were assessed before surgery, when the patient arrived in the recovery room, and at 8, 16, and 24 h after surgery. Analgesic consumptions in the recovery room and at 24 h postoperatively were evaluated. We compared the NRS scores and quantity of analgesics between the gender groups and the age groups (20-45, 46-64, and ≥ 65 years old).Results: Compared to male patients, female patients had higher NRS scores (6 [5, 7] vs. 5 [4, 6]; P = 0.001) and required a higher dose of fentanyl (0.94 ± 0.47 μg/kg vs. 0.79 ± 0.41 μg/kg; P = 0.011) in the recovery room. The younger female patients (20-45 and 46-64 years old) required a higher dose of fentanyl than those older than 65 years of age in the recovery room.Conclusions: Female patients exhibit higher NRS scores and greater consumptions of analgesics than male patients immediately postoperatively. Younger female patients require more analgesics than elderly patients in the recovery room.

Woake's syndrome (WS) is a recurrent nasal polyposis, accompanied by broadening of the nose, frontal sinus aplasia, dyscrinia, and bronchiectasis. There has been no previous report on anesthetic management in patients with WS. We describe a case involving a 13-year-old male patient with WS who was scheduled for septorhinoplasty for necrotic ethmoiditis. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with propofol and remifentanil using a target-controlled infusion device. The anesthetic considerations of this rare syndrome and the advantages of an intravenous infusion method over local and volatile anesthesia for these patients are discussed. We report on caveats, such as pulmonary dysfunction during the anesthetic management, and nasal structural problems encountered in WS patients. Given that conventional inhaled anesthesia reduces ciliary movement and that local anesthesia with sedative has several disadvantages, perioperative control and precautions against respiratory infections by using antibiotics, and preventing cilio-depressant actions, are important for anesthetic management.