In the rat, the autosomal recessive toothless (t1) mutation exhibits an acute form of osteopetrosis. This gene is not an allele of either ia or op that causes respectively, a transitory and acute form of the disease. Comparative radiographic study of t1/t1 and op/op mutants reveals some differences in respect to the size and shape of long bones. In contrast to op/op mutants, homozygous t1/t1 animals failed to respond to either parabiosis or bone marrow transplants.

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At the Radiation Effects Research Foundation, medical examinations have been conducted biennially since 1958 on a fixed population of approximately 20,000 individuals. Blood pressure measurements and electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings are available for 6,569 individuals who were monitored for at least 11 of the 13 2 year intervals between 1958 and 1984. Data from 601 individuals who had satisfied the Foundation's ECG diagnostic criteria of left ventricular hypertrophy ("Kagan-Yano code") on at least one occasion were reviewed. Both the development and the regression of ECG left ventricular hypertrophy were ascertained in 61 subjects (17 men and 44 women). During the course of development of ECG left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertension (including borderline cases) was noted in 83.3% of the subjects. The most common pattern of ECG left ventricular hypertrophy development was high voltage, followed by ST-T changes. In about half of these cases, the condition of hypertrophy regression was associated with lowering of blood pressure, marked by the disappearance of high voltage ECG readings.

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, Suppl., 535-540 -The previous history of maturity onset diabetics is often difficult to piece together since most of the patients, being asymptomatic in the early stages, are not predisposed to undergo routine examinations. We made a prognostic study of such asymptomatic mild diabetics in order to examine the relationship between diabetes and cerebro-cardio vascular disorders. The subjects consisted of 5,170 individuals who had under gone biennial routine examinations at the Nagasaki RERF since 1958. Of these, 424 persons were diagnosed during the follow-up period as having diabetes. Eliminating those receiving insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents, there were 392 patients. It is shown that 49% of these mild diabetics died from cerebro-cardio vascular disorders. The mortality rate for mild asymptomatic diabetics due to CVD and CHD was significantly higher than that for non-diabetics. To elucidate the risk factors of these disorders, we studied the effects of age, blood pressure (BP), serum total cholesterol (TC), relative body weight and four other factors. In CVD as well as in CHD, age and systolic blood pressure were the major risk factors of statistical significance. It was also noted that diabetes, however mild, was an important factor. Consequently, Bp is felt to be the greatest of the four risk factors above, and the maintenance of normal BP as well as glucose control is important even in mild asymptomatic diabetics. mild diabetes; cerebrocardiovascular disorders; risk factors Since World War II, the incidence of diabetes-and coronary heart disease has increased in Japan, probably because of the rapid westernization of the Japanese diet with an increased intake of fat and protein as well as of total calories.The natural history of diabetics, especially maturity onset diabetics who are asymptomatic in the early stages, is difficult to evaluate.Fortunately, a fixed population has been followed at RERF for over 20 years, and this fixed population was considered appropriate for prognostic studies of mild diabetes in relation to CVD and CHD. A study was made of the risk factors for cerebro-cardiovascular disorders in mild asymptomatic diabetic patients in the Adult Health Study (AHS) population already being followed at Nagasaki 535

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