A single measurement of PTH concentration in the early postoperative period after TT reliably predicts patients who are likely to develop hypocalcaemia. This approach facilitates early discharge and may decrease the need for multiple postoperative blood tests.

This report highlights the importance of identification of potential environmental reservoirs, such as sinks, for control of outbreaks of environmentally hardy multiresistant organisms.

OSNA enables accurate automated intraoperative diagnosis and can be used successfully in different UK hospitals. When the SLN is shown to be positive, the patient can undergo immediate axillary clearance under the same anaesthetic rather than having a delayed second procedure.

Key words AbstractBackground: Breast reconstruction (BR) following mastectomy for breast cancer is safe and has high rates of patient satisfaction, yet only around 12% of Australian women undergo BR. This study presents BR rates and outcomes from a specialist practice that discusses reconstruction options with all women medically suitable for BR. Methods: Retrospective clinical study of all women that had undergone therapeutic mastectomy between 2009 and 2011. Patient, tumour and adjuvant therapy factors, and surgical complication rates, were compared between BR and no BR (NBR) patients. Results: Of the 331 women who had mastectomy for cancer, 136 (41%) had BR, with the vast majority (132, 97%) opting for immediate BR (IBR). Factors significantly associated with BR were young age, pure ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS), menopausal status and private health insurance. The main reasons for NBR were patient choice (88/195, 45%) and surgeon's perception of high-risk tumours (63/195, 32%). At mean follow-up of 15.6 months, five patients had developed local or distant recurrence (2 BR, 3 NBR). IBR did not cause significant delays in commencement of adjuvant therapy, and the BR group had a lower rate of surgical complications. Discussion: A BR rate of 41%, over three times the national average, was achieved when BR was discussed with all patients. This significant gain in BR rate was not accompanied by a commensurate increase in adverse outcomes, providing evidence that expanding the indications for BR to women who were previously not considered eligible is a valid option.

Total thyroidectomy for BMNG is not only a safe procedure but is efficacious in preventing recurrent disease. Failure to remove embryological remnants such as thyrothymic residue or pyramidal remnants during total thyroidectomy is the major cause of recurrence.

This study demonstrated acceptable cosmetic results, high patient satisfaction and low complication rates. It provides evidence that women are willing to accept the potential risks of IIBR in exchange for its benefits including enhanced body image during chemotherapy and PMRT and the possible avoidance of more complicated and costly delayed autologous BR. The results support the importance of access to BR, even in women with high-risk disease.

These data will enable clinicians, researchers and women with breast cancer to gain a clearer understanding of the factors that impact on the choice and timing of BR in women requiring PMRT, a major breast cancer survivorship decision. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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