OGE appears to undergo significant changes in proliferation and differentiation during pocket formation that do not seem to be restricted to proteolytic destruction by the invading microorganisms.
BackgroundFree gingival grafts have been used extensively for gingival augmentation procedures, but are associated with postoperative morbidity because of the open palatal wound. This study compares the clinical efficiency of two dressing materials, a non-eugenol-based dressing (Coe-Pak™) and a collagen dressing (Colla Cote®) on palatal wound healing.Materials and MethodsThirty-two patients in the age group of 25−50 years, who required gingival augmentation, were selected. Free gingival graft was harvested from the palatal mucosa and the wound was then protected using Coe-pak® in control group and Colla Cote® in test group. The subjective parameters pain and burning sensation were recorded on the 2nd and 7th day and the objective parameters colour and consistency were recorded on the 7th and 42nd day, using a visual analog scale. Thickness of the mucosa was measured using K file at baseline and 42nd day. Histological examination was done on 42nd day.ResultsThe subjective and objective parameters showed significant improvement in the test group when compared to control group. Histologically, there was a greater evidence of collagen formation and turn over in the test group than control group.ConclusionsCollagen-based dressing may thus offer significantly greater advantages over the traditional non-eugenol dressings.
With the advent of esthetic dentistry, implant treatment has gained much importance, and osseointegrated implant requires appropriate positioning three-dimensionally to achieve optimum functional and esthetic results. The various techniques available for implant site development are mostly invasive with variable outcomes. On resorting to alternate modalities, orthodontic extrusion/forced eruption is the primary choice as it is noninvasive and aids in optimal increase in the volume of residual bone and soft tissue. In orthodontic extrusion, the available periodontal ligament acts as a source of cell supply and signals, while the socket itself acts as a naturally occurring scaffold for regeneration. The presence of gingival inflammation or active periodontal disease is always a negative predictor for periodontal regeneration. Hence, periodontal ligament in an uninflamed state is essential before performing orthodontic extrusion. This article aims to provide an insight into the mechanisms by which the periodontal ligament cells act at a molecular level to provide an improved bone and soft tissue levels for optimum implant placement.
Background:Cell interaction between dendritic cells (DC) and natural killer (NK) cells in the periodontal milieu is not yet fully known, although these cells are individually known to contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.Materials and Methods:Fifty subjects (25 males and 25 females) were included in the study. The subjects were divided into three groups: Group A comprised 16 subjects with clinically healthy gingiva; group B 17 subjects with gingivitis; and group C 17 subjects with gingivitis; and group C 17 subjects with moderate periodontitis (PPD ≥ 5 mm and CAL ≥ 3 mm in at least six sites). Gingival samples were collected and immunohistochemical study was done using CD57 and CD1a antibody. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison for CD1a and Tukey's highly significant difference (HSD) test for CD57.Results and Conclusion:The study showed an inverse relationship between the CD1a+ (langerhans) cells and CD57+ (natural killer) cells. There was a significant increase in CD57+ cells and reduction in CD1a levels as periodontal disease progressed. The significant reduction in CD1a levels in periodontal disease when compared to health could possibly be a result of NK cells down regulating it. Reduction in CD1a levels may result in a low inflammatory response subsequently resulting in tissue destruction.
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