The study is intended to determine the calving interval (CI) and Dry period (DP), which are reproductive characteristics of Anatolian buffaloes reared under farm conditions, to investigate the environmental effects on these characteristics, and to use the results in stud selection programs for breeding in buffalo herds. In the study, 1427 calving interval and dry period records of 756 heads of Anatolian buffalo reared between 2014-2021 were used. In this study, the overall mean and standard error of CI and DP were determined as 411.374.10 days and 191.703.13 days, respectively. The effects of county, calving year, season and parity on these features were determined. In the study, the effect of all environmental factors on CI and DP, apart from the county, was found to be significant (p
The pandemics to which humanity has been subjected throughout history will also continue to exist in the future. There may be many reasons for the development of pandemics and threats to human and animal health. Whatever the reason, previous pandemics and also this current Covid-19 period revealed the importance of ecological agricultural production. The destruction of natural habitats, industrial agriculture, industrialization, and the decrease in biodiversity disrupt the ecological balance and create an environment for pandemic formation, endangering both human and animal health. This review is focusing on the importance of ecological animal husbandry in terms of both human and animal health and welfare, and especially understanding after the pandemics are part of our life.
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