Inverted metamorphic triple junction (IMM3J) GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs solar cells have the advantages of high efficiency, excellent radiation resistance, lightweight and flexible properties, especially suitable for space application. In this paper, we first fabricate the IMM3J GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs solar cell, which has a short circuit current density of 16.5 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage of 3141.8 mV, a fill factor of 84.3%, and an efficiency of 32.2%. Then, the IMM3J solar cell is irradiated by 2 MeV protons with different fluences from 2 × 1011 cm−2 to 2 × 1012 cm−2. Finally, the output electrical properties of IMM3J solar cells at the beginning of life and end of life are analyzed by current-voltage characterization. The degradation behaviors of each subcell before and after irradiation can also be described by the external quantum efficiency and short circuit current density.
The AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) is considered to have great prospects for applications in nuclear systems. This study investigated the He-irradiation response of SLM 316L, and several possible reasons for the improved He-irradiation resistance of SLM 316L were systematically revealed and evaluated by using TEM and related techniques. The results show that the effects of unique sub-grain boundaries have primary contributions to the decreased bubble diameter in SLM 316L compared to that in the conventional 316L counterpart, while the effects of oxide particles on bubble growth are not the dominant factor in this study. Moreover, the He densities inside the bubbles were carefully measured using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). The mechanism of stress-dominated He densities in bubbles was validated, and the corresponding reasons for the decrease in bubble diameter were freshly proposed in SLM 316L. These insights help to shed light on the evolution of He bubbles and contribute to the ongoing development of the steels fabricated by SLM for advanced nuclear applications.
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