NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITIONS OF SIX EDIBLE INSECTS IN JAVA. Nutritional deficiency is still a problem faced by many families in Indonesia. One of the important issues is the level of protein consumption that is still below the minimum required standard. Edible insects could be one alternative of protein sources since their availability in the nature is quite abundant. This paper analyses six edible species of both cultivated and wild insects for its proximate compositions to measure their nutritional value. The cultivated insects consist of cricket (Gryllus sp.), giant mealworm (Zophobas morio F.), yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.), and silkworm (Bombyx mori L.), and the wild insects consist of javanese grasshopper (Valanga nigricornis Burm.) and paddy locust (Nomadacris succincta L. 32,[59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76]69%, lemak 6,47%, karbohidrat 0,76%, abu 2,79%, energi 407,50 kkal, serta mineral Ca dan Fe sekitar 24,22 mg dan 3,

NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITIONS OF SIX EDIBLE INSECTS IN JAVA. Nutritional deficiency is still a problem faced by many families in Indonesia. One of the important issues is the level of protein consumption that is still below the minimum required standard. Edible insects could be one alternative of protein sources since their availability in the nature is quite abundant. This paper analyses six edible species of both cultivated and wild insects for its proximate compositions to measure their nutritional value. The cultivated insects consist of cricket (Gryllus sp.), giant mealworm (Zophobas morio F.), yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.), and silkworm (Bombyx mori L.), and the wild insects consist of javanese grasshopper (Valanga nigricornis Burm.) and paddy locust (Nomadacris succincta L.). Results shows that the nutritional composition of insects varies widely. Each 100g of dry weight contains of 32.59-76.69% of protein, 6.9-29.47% of fat, 0.92-30.76% of carbohydrate, 2.80-5.79% of ash, 407.34-517.50 kcal of energy, and minerals about 24.82-31.22 mg of calcium (Ca) and 3.15-4.1 mg of iron (Fe). Some species such as grasshoppers, silkworm pupae and crickets have high protein content which potentially can be utilized as an alternate protein sources to fight against malnutrition and to increase nutritious food consumption. Efforts should be made to encourage the consumption of edible insects as an alternative source of protein. It is especially important to those who live in and around the forest, since the forest area is an excellent habitat for various species of insects.

The domestic silkworm or mulberry silk moth, B. mori L., provides more than 99% of the world’s silk. Silk, as a sericulture product, was first introduced in Indonesia through a trade mechanism and began to develop in 1953. Several factors (economic, ecological, market, and cultural) support sericulture and make it become one of the non-timber forest product priorities. However, the competitive advantages alone have not encouraged the development of prospective sericulture industry in Indonesia yet. This paper is a review of tropical sericulture development in Indonesia. The literature on the development of sericulture in Indonesia between 1989 and 2022 is used to describe conditions related to mulberry cultivation (moriculture), and silkworm rearing (sericulture), as well as the state of socio-economic development, culture, and institutions. Moriculture and sericulture techniques, socio-economic aspects, institutional arrangements, and community motivations are intertwined, creating a challenging atmosphere for sericulture development. There are potential resources, such as exploring quality mulberry production and quality silkworm production through research and development, valuable cultural aspects, and potential stakeholders to build network engagement. Commitment, cooperation, and action from all stakeholders are needed to enhance the development of sericulture in Indonesia. In this context, the central government can play an important role in facilitating multi-stakeholder partnerships in the development of integrated sericulture in Indonesia.

Research forest of Parungpanjang (RF) is a part of forest area with special purposes (KHDTK), under authority of Forest Tree Seed Technology Research and Development Center Bogor. The management is carried out by involving the local community as labour farmer. The existence of labour farmer in RF give a positif impact on the management of RF. However there is no improve yet on socioeconomic condition of the labour farmer. Whereas the ideal form complemented with stable social structure and good social interaction would be a foundation to build social capital. The problem is how far the strenght of the social capital of the labour farmer and how is the socioeconomic relation toward RF's management? This qualitative research collect information through interviewing the labour farmer in RF of Parungpanjang, village government, community figures and supported with quEstrionairre and observation on the field during March─August 2017. The result of the study shows that the social capital of the labour farmer is low, indicated by norm is average, social net work is low, trust is average, the mutual resiprocity is also low, as well as the collective value is low. Regarding to that, the empowerment cannot merely operated on the material incentive for landbased production, it is required to develop the collective work ethos. The non-formal leadership on the labour farmer groups must be strengthened to buid the stronger labour farmer's social capital ahead.