Gastric lavage in neonates with MSAF does not reduce feed intolerance, irrespective of thickness of MSAF and it confers no advantages.

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Background: Intrathoracic and intra-abdominal tumors at inaccessible sites pose difficulty in diagnosis. Ultrasonography and computed tomography guided fine needle aspiration cytology has an important role in the diagnosis and distinguishing them as benign and malignant lesions. Image guided FNA has proved to be safe, quick, reliable and cost-effective method for obtaining tissue for cytopathological examination. The objective was to describe the pattern of intra-abdominal and intra thoracic masses on FNAC.Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the postgraduate Department of pathology Government, Medical college Jammu i.e. 1st September 2017 to 30th September,2018 for a period of one year under image guided FNAC. Air dried and wet fixed smears were stained with may Grunwald Giemsa (MGG) and Papinacolau (PAP) stains respectively. Acid fast bacilli stain was done on additional smears in case of suspected tubercular lesions.Results: A total of 60 patients were subjected to ultrasonography and CT guided intra-abdominal and intra thoracic FNACs in a period of one year. FNAC was performed from various anatomical sites of which intra-abdominal lesions were 40 (liver:21 cases, gallbladder:8 cases, ovary: 3 cases, lymph nodes 3 cases, pancreas: 2 cases, omentum 2 cases, GIT 1 case).  Intrathoracic lesions were twenty (20); out of which lung cases were eighteen (18) and two (2) were mediastinal aspirations.Conclusions: Percutaneous fine needle aspiration cytology under image guidance well described the pattern of deep-seated lesions.

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Background: Hysterectomy is the most commonly performed gynaecological surgery as the female reproductive system has been affected by various non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions during the life time of a woman.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 160 hysterectomy specimens reported to Department of Pathology. They were compared in terms of age of the patients and pathology of hysterectomy specimens. The histopathological findings of hysterectomy specimens was noted and these findings were then correlated with clinical diagnosis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the wide range of pathological lesions, commonest pathology involved and correlation of the preoperative clinical diagnosis with the histopathological diagnosis in the hysterectomy specimens.Results: The most common type of hysterectomy was total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-ophorectomy with 102 cases (63.7%). Peak incidence at 5th decade of life in 92 cases (57.5%) was noted. The most common clinical indication was fibroid uterus in 81 cases (50.6%). Proliferative phase of endometrium was the commonest finding in 87 cases (54.3%). In case of myometrium, 95 leiomyomas were noted. On histomorphological study of cervical lesions, chronic cervicitis was commonest finding in 75 (46.8%) cases.Conclusions: Few double pathologies can be missed clinically so clinico-pathological correlation in all cases of hysterectomy has been proved to be important to improve the clinical outcome and post-operative management.

BACKGROUND Pap stain is an excellent method to review the cytological specimen; however, it is time consuming and costly. Various modifications have been developed in Pap stain of which latest is Modified Ultrafast Pap (MUFP) stain which is hybrid of the technique by Romanowsky and conventional Pap stain to reduce the staining time to 90 seconds. AIM Aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and applicability of MUFP stain in fine needle aspiration smears of various organs. MATERIAL AND METHODS This prospective study was carried out in the cytopathology laboratory of GMC, Jammu for a period of 6 months from December 2015 to May 2016. A total no of 200 specimens were collected. The samples included 80 lymph node aspiration samples, 40 thyroid FNA samples, 50 breast FNA samples, 25 soft tissue aspirations and 5 salivary gland aspirations. Two smears were kept for fixation in 95% ethanol for staining with standard Pap stain and 2 were air dried for MUFP staining. RESULTS A correct diagnosis was achieved in all the cases. Background was similar in both staining methods. However, well-preserved cell morphology, crisp nuclear outline, good overall staining were well seen with MUFP method when compared with the standard Pap method. CONCLUSION The findings of this study support the use of MUFP method in cytology laboratory over standard Pap method.

Background: Infertility is defined as a failure to conceive after at least 12 months of unprotected intercourse. It is broadly established that 40% cases of infertility has male factor. Semen analyses is an imperative diagnostic tool in the valuation of the male partners of infertile couples.Methods: We carried out a prospective study wherein semen analyses of the male partners of infertile couples presented to Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Associate Hospital, Jammu was done. A total of 300 cases were studied and comparison of each abnormality and combined defects were subjected to incidence distribution.Results: We analysed 300 samples in this study. Mean age of the men was 32.5 years. Duration of infertility in (200; 66.6%) was seen in men married for less than 5 years, (84; 28%) between 5-10 years of married life and there were (16; 5.3%) with more than 10 years of infertility period after marriage. Addiction to alcohol made the majority in our study (187; 62.3%), followed by tobacco chewing and addiction to both tobacco chewing and alcohol consumption (89; 29.6%) and (24; 8%), respectively, men were amongst those with abnormal seminograms.Conclusions: Male infertility is an alarming global health issue. Males contribute towards infertility in couples significantly and further study and assessment is required to accurately predict the importance of this.

BACKGROUND Fine needle aspiration cytology is a simple, easy and safe procedure. It has been used for the diagnosis of superficial palpable lesions successfully. Deep-seated lesions have also been sampled by fine needle aspiration cytology with the imaging techniques with considerable success. FNAC is a simple, easy and reliable technique for the initial diagnostic evaluation of enlarged lymph nodes. The aim of the study conducted was to compare the two techniques-FNAC and FNNAC for diagnostic adequacy in superficial enlarged lymph nodes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted in 100 patients with superficial enlarged lymph nodes using both the techniques-FNAC and FNNAC. Relevant history and clinical examination were taken. The two techniques were compared for the diagnostic adequacy based on five parameters using Mair et al scoring system. RESULTS In the present study, the cumulative score for FNNAC was more in comparison to that of FNAC (6.82 >6.57). For individual parameters, the average score for parameters like background blood (1.47 >1.41), degree of cellular degeneration (1.37 >1.31), trauma (1.35 >1.26) and retention of architecture (1.25 >1.16) were better in case of FNNAC in comparison to FNAC. However, average score for amount of cellular material was more (1.44 >1.38) in case of FNAC than FNNAC. All these differences observed among various parameters were, however, statistically nonsignificant with P-values of 0.417, 0.425, 0.319, 0.200, 0.160 and 0.1179. CONCLUSION Both FNAC and FNNAC yield good material for diagnostic of evaluation of superficial enlarged lymph nodes. FNNAC provided superior quality smears for the interpretation and diagnosis of superficial enlarged lymph nodes. FNNAC is a good technique that needs to be utilised in the routine cytology practice for sampling of superficial enlarged lymph nodes.