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Market segmentation is the foundation on which all other marketing actions can be based. It requires a major commitment by management to customeroriented planning, research, implementation and control. The overall objective of using a market segmentation strategy is to improve company's competitive position and better serve the needs of customers. In this paper, we use the concept of market segmentation in diffusion model for advertising a new product considering the external as well as internal infl uences and study the optimal advertising effectiveness rate in a segmented market. First, we discuss the evolution of sales dynamics in the segmented market under the assumption that the fi rm advertises in each segment independently. Further case of a single advertising channel, which reaches several segments with fi xed spectrum, is also discussed. Such problems have not been discussed before. The optimal control theory is applied to study and solve both classes of problems.

Open source software systems are becoming more popular today, and are playing important roles in many scientific and business software applications. Many companies are investing in open source projects and lots of them are also using such software in their own work. But, because open source software is often developed with a different management style than the industrial ones, the quality and reliability of the code needs to be investigated. Hence, more projects need to be measured to obtain information about the characteristics and nature of the source code.In this paper we have evaluated the object-oriented metrics given by Chidamber and Kemerer, and few other static code metrics for two open source projects. We have carried out an empirical study and tried to find out the nature of relationship between these metrics and defects. In other words, it has been investigated whether these metrics are significantly associated with defects or not. For this we have extracted source code, defects processed it for metrics .Two open source java projects of emulators have been taken from source forge and used for this purpose.

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Market segmentation enables the marketers to understand and serve the customers more effectively thereby improving company’s competitive position. In this paper, we study the impact of price and promotion efforts on evolution of sales intensity in segmented market to obtain the optimal price and promotion effort policies. Evolution of sales rate for each segment is developed under the assumption that marketer may choose both differentiated as well as mass market promotion effort to influence the uncaptured market potential. An optimal control model is formulated and a solution method using Maximum Principle has been discussed. The model is extended to incorporate budget constraint. Model applicability is illustrated by a numerical example. Since the discrete time data is available, the formulated model is discretized. For solving the discrete model, differential evolution algorithm is used