In this paper, we investigate both the bit error rate (BER) and outage performance of free-space optical (FSO) links over strong turbulence combined with various pointing error conditions. Considering atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors as main factors that deteriorate the quality of an optical link, we obtain a unified finite series approximation of the composite probability density function, which embraces generalized pointing error models. This approximations leads to new unified formulas for the BER and outage capacity of an FSO link, which account for the two possible detection mechanisms of intensity modulation/direct detection and heterodyne detection. Selected simulation results confirm that the newly derived approximations can give precise predictions of both the average BER and the outage capacity of FSO communication that are generally applicable to all environments.
In this paper, we set up the statistical channel model of ship-to-ship (or ship-to-shore) free space optical links considering generalized pointing error and weak turbulence. We combine various pointing error models with weak turbulence and derive the composite probability density functions (PDF) for each case of pointing error model. Also, using the similarity of the composite PDFs, we obtain a unified expression for the composite PDF. Furthermore, we conduct error rate analysis based on both intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) and heterodyne detection (HD). At last, the numerical results confirm that the derived average error rate gives precise prediction on error rate.
In this paper, we investigate the ergodic capacity of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based free space optics (FSO) links over random foggy channel. More specifically, we derive composite probability density function (PDF) and close approximation for the moments of the composite PDF using the statistical model of a UAV-based 3D pointing error and a random foggy channel. With it, we obtain upper bound and asymptotic approximation of the ergodic capacity for the two possible detection techniques of intensity modulation/direct detection (IM/DD) and heterodyne detection at high and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regimes. The numerical results confirm all the presented analytic results via computer-based Monte-Carlo simulations.
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