This paper presents the results of numerical investigations into the behavior of a sinusoidal web loaded in shear due to buckling in the period from the onset of buckling until failure, as well as the impact of a reinforced concrete slab on the stability of the web. The analysis concerned steel girders and composite girders with the top flange bonded to a reinforced concrete slab. Nonlinear analyses were performed using the finite element method. The results of the investigations support the conclusion that the appearance and propagation of shear stresses in the sinusoidal web of the composite steel–concrete beam are the same as those in an identical non-composite steel beam, but the bracing of the top flanges improves the shear strength and, at the same time, affects the location of initial stresses. In addition, it was found that, despite the three types of buckling, the predominant failure of the sinusoidal webs, regardless of the presence of the concrete slab, is global buckling. It occurs diagonally through several folds at the same time, including deformation of the web over its entire height.
Until recently, steel plate girders with corrugated steel members were used primarily as poles and girders in the construction of industrial buildings. Currently, they are also being used in the construction of bridges. Compared to traditional steel and rolled girders, steel plate girders weigh less and are more stiff, while also having a neater appearance. In this paper, the results of an experimental study are present. The aim of the study was to determine the behavior of a bridge girder with sinusoidal web geometry when subjected to a bending moment. The study was focused on a composite steel and concrete structure with pin connections, which is currently the most common solution. Three near-real scale beams were subjected to bending tests. The study found that composite corrugated-web steel beams and non-composite corrugated-web steel beams showed similar forms of failure. A reinforced concrete slab did not prevent web stress concentration at the point of connection with the flange. Furthermore, the study indicates that corrugated steel webs in bridge girders can have a much smaller thickness (less than 8 mm) compared with the traditional solution.
IntroductionSpecial requirements with regard to the theory of composite structures and their creative shaping make them one of the most interesting solutions for load-carrying structures in the construction technology. The constituent parts of the cross section are made of materials with different Young's moduli, which interact with each other through the use of fasteners. These elements are joined to maximise both their strength properties and operating characteristics with respect to their location within the feature.The greatest benefits are currently visible in the application of steel-concrete composite structures [24]. These are mainly used in bridge construction but are also used in other areas of the construction industry, especially in the industrial construction [16].The importance of the issue of cracking in the context of continuous composite structures is still a topic of discussion. Although the structure safety is not compromised in any way, its operating lifespan is significantly affected. Non-structural cracks can cause damage to insulation and -in the long -cause corrosion of the reinforcement, as well. Therefore, it must be remembered that the operating lifespan of the structure is one of the basic assumptions in the design process and it significantly affects the adopted design solutions and materials [26]. The feature's operating lifespan is maintained when the structure fulfils its function within a given time both for its load-bearing capacity (ultimate limit states) and serviceability (limit states related to the reduction of cracks, stresses and deflections). The correct structure design ensures that it is fit for purpose for at least the period of expected operating lifespan. The requirements for the bridge structure operating lifespan are particularly high, though. In accordance with [26], bridges are classified as the S5 design category (class), which means the approximate design lifetime of at least 100 years.Nowadays, in order to meet the increasingly stringent operating lifespan criteria, the design phase for composite bridges should take into account non-structural concrete cracking and the change of its stiffness between the cracks Eksploatacja i NiEzawodNosc -MaiNtENaNcE aNd REliability Vol.18, No. 4, 2016 579 sciENcE aNd tEchNology 579[28] in the ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state. Concrete cracking affects the stiffness of the composite section and can cause an overload of the steel section. The change in the stiffness causes redistribution of excessive bending moments along the length of the continuous beam. The problem of the behaviour of the composite structure with the cracked concrete slab is complicated and not fully explored. For this reason, the stiffness of the concrete in tension in often overlooked in the design of civil engineering structures. This approach leads to an irrational assessment of the load-bearing capacity and serviceability of the composite structure, which causes a reduction in the lifetime of the feature [36].This problem also occur...
Abstract. Modelling of composite and reinforced concrete structures requires very precise determination of material parameters and constitutive relations between strain and stress. Erroneous selection of the dependencies and incorrect modelling, in particular, of the performance of concrete in tension may generate results in finite element method programs, that are far from the results obtained in an experiment. Using the example of a concrete damage plasticity model, based on fracture mechanics, this paper describes the physical interpretation and the method of the selection of parameters necessary for the appropriate modelling of concrete in a complex stress state. The correctness of the assumed description of concrete was verified on the basis of results of laboratory tests. A comparative analysis of the experimental and numerical results showed that the application of the concrete damage plasticity model allowed correct determination of the concrete element damage mechanisms for each level of strain.
This paper presents the results of experimental investigations performed on beams with corrugated webs. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of the geometric parameters of the sinusoidal web on the behavior of I-beams subjected to four-point bending. Special attention was paid to the effects of web thickness and wave geometry on the deflection of beams. The obtained failure modes of particular test samples are presented. Reference has also been made to the determined standard load capacities based on Annex D of the EC3 standard. In order to compare the performance of beams with corrugated webs, the results for beams with flat webs of the same thickness of web sheets are also presented.
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