The current study demonstrates the presence of superantigen toxins in 14 of 29 patients with CRSwNP, with SEB and TSST-1 being the most common. Further studies are necessary to correlate the presence of toxin with the pathological changes present in polyp tissue.
The presence of calcifications detected on TUS should alert the physician for the possibility of malignancy, and further work-up should be pursued. This information may be used to improve the sensitivity of other diagnostic tests such as fine needle aspiration biopsies. Given the relatively low sensitivity and specificity of the test, its use alone as a marker of malignancy is limited, but it may be used in combination with other known risk factors and tests to decide on the most appropriate treatment plan.
Endoscopic resection of both large and small frontal sinus osteomas is feasible. In this article we have shown successful removal of large osteomas that fill the entire frontal sinus with the modified Lothrop procedure.
These results provide evidence for a local SAg effect in 7/12 (58.3%) polyp patients and establish a positive correlation of V-beta expansion with the presence of corresponding toxin-specific IgE in the serum.
This study establishes evidence of S. aureus SAg-T-cell interactions in polyp lymphocytes of 35% of CRSwNP patients. Although these results are consistent with intranasal exposure of polyp lymphocytes to SAg's, additional study is necessary to establish the role of these toxins in disease pathogenesis.
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