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Single-strand DNA labeled with 32P by the random primer method has been adsorbed to the surface of palladium electrodes of thickness shear-mode acoustic wave sensors and nylon membranes under various solution conditions. The mass of nucleic acid attached to these substrates has been quantified by scintillation counting and phosphor image analysis. Measurement of the mass on sensors by acoustic wave sensor response obtained in the gas phase does not correlate with the values given by radiochemical labeling. Hybridization of cDNA to the single-strand species on the sensor surface has also been determined by the 32P technique. The added mass has been correlated with real-time changes in the series resonant frequency obtained in situ from acoustic network analysis. The value for the alteration of the frequency is 18 times that predicted by the Sauerbrey expression. This result is ascribed

Results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies on the surface of silicon wafers sllanlzed with dlchlorodlmethylsllane, methyltrichlorosilane, ((glycklyloxy)propyl)trlmethoxysllane, (amlnopropyl)trlethoxysllane, tort -butyldlmethylchlorosllane, and the 12-dlchloromonomethylsllyl and 12-monochlorodlmethylsllyl ethers of methyl 12-hydroxydodecanoate are reported. The upward shift In the SI (2p) binding energies (by 0.5 eV) of surface silicons treated with silylatlng agents In the presence of Et3N was attributed to hydroxyl functionalities on these atoms. The extent of surface coverage was computed from the surface Sksubstrate SI ratios. Large differences In reactivities of the silylating agents were observed in the presence or absence of the base catalyst.