The dark triad refers to a set of personality traits characteristic of narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) describes voluntary, cooperative actions that contribute to organizational effectiveness. A study focused on the health‐care sector in Iraq investigates the therapeutic role that positive emotions might play in offsetting the negative effects of the dark triad on OCB. Data from 414 employees in four public hospitals show that the dark triad has a significant negative impact on OCB, but that positive emotions can play a role in reversing this. This finding leads to several implications for both managers and researchers. In particular, it highlights the importance of addressing the interaction between positive and negative emotions, as well as the positive organizational outcomes that potentially could result from dark triad traits.

This study aims to predict and assess the antecedents of use social commerce using dualstage structural equation modelling and artificial neural network analysis. This study sheds light on the role of perceived risks in developing the relationship of each of the social bonds and the social network on the convenience of adopting wearable payment. The interactive role of barriers of using the wearable payment for the relationship convenience of adopting wearable payment and intention to use social commerce was also explored. Finally, this study highlighted the effect of the mediating variable of the convenience of adopting wearable payment. The survey was adopted by surveying 334 people with an online shopping experience. The results confirmed the role of interactive variables, perceived risk, and barriers of using wearable payment in increasing intention to use social commerce. On the other hand, the convenience of wearable payment adoption has fully mediated the relationship between social bonds, social network theories and intention to use social commerce. Implications for Central European audience:The findings of this study contribute to providing academics and practitioners with a deep insight into the antecedents of social commerce to develop practices and policies that increase intentions to use social commerce.

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This study aims to clarify the role of creativity and leadership in achieving competitive advantage in the banking business environment. As the presence of leadership in the business environment is a result of the presence of important precedents that contributed to its achievement, which is represented in innovation and creativity as a continuous chain that cannot be divided, which in turn is one of the most important ingredients in the path of success and development of organizations and their survival and achieving the banking competitive advantage as a strategic goal sought by most organizations at the present time . Since relying on the adaptive innovative tradition in Iraqi organizations is not sufficient at all to catch up with the developed economy in the countries of the world, and since the business environment is characterized by instability as an inherent characteristic of it, it is very important to adopt the entrepreneurial spirit that is represented in entrepreneurship to progress quickly and achieve qualitative leaps that contribute to distinguishing clearly differentiated from its competitors. The conceptual framework of the current study was based on three main variables. Innovation and entrepreneurship as independent variables and achieving banking competitive advantage as a dependent variable. This study was applied in private banks affiliated to the banking sector in Iraq. A questionnaire will be developed to ensure the existence of a relationship between the main variables of the study as a tool for data collection in 10 private banks in Iraq for a sample of (213) working individuals and using a set of statistical tools available in programs (SPSS V.22 – AMOS V.22)

This research aims to identify the strengths of artificial intelligence, which appear through the adoption of its tools and its role in improving the financial efficiency of government banks in Iraq. As the presence of artificial intelligence is one of the most important components of banks in the course of development, allowing them the ability to optimize their financial efficiency, and in light of the uncertain conditions experienced by organizations, the presence of artificial intelligence is expected to have a prominent role in improving the financial efficiency of banks. Government at present. The conceptual framework of the current study was built on two main variables: artificial intelligence as an independent variable, financial efficiency as a dependent variable. The main question of the study was formulated as follows: "What is the role of artificial intelligence in financial efficiency in the Iraqi banking sector? What is the role of digital transformation in that relationship?" This study was applied in the governmental banking sector in Iraq in Al-Rafidain and Al-Rasheed Banks in DhiQar and their subsidiaries.

Purpose Following the theory of emotional events, this paper aims to use the bright triad and the dark tetrad as representations to investigate the role of positive and negative personality patterns in achieving positive and negative innovation. The study also examines the mediating role of emotional intelligence and abusive supervision and the interactive role of emotional exhaustion in understanding the relationship between positive and negative personality patterns and positive and negative innovation. Design/methodology/approach To test the hypotheses of the study model, a set of questionnaires was distributed to a sample of 500 medical officers working in different departments of public hospitals in southern Iraq. The data were analysed using the structured equation model. Findings The results of the current study confirm previous studies on emotional intelligence because the bright triad negatively associates with negative innovation and positively associates with positive innovation. Meanwhile, the dark tetrad positively associates with negative innovation through abusive supervision, and that emotional exhaustion reinforces the negative side and weakens the positive side of the relationships. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature by emphasising that the values represented by the bright triad have a strong readiness to show positive innovation and immunity to negative influence caused by abusive supervision. Meanwhile, the negative emotions of the dark tetrad pattern result in negative patterns because they correlate with negative innovation and the avoidance of positive behaviour, which is escalated by abusive supervision.

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