RÉSUMÉObjectif : Le but de cette étude était d'évaluer la qualité microbiologique des eaux de puits et de forage collectées dans la ville de Lomé. Méthodologie : Au total, 207 échantillons d'eau de puits et de 197 échantillons d'eau de forages de la ville de Lomé collectés entre juin 2012 et juillet 2013 ont été analysés en utilisant les méthodes normalisées de routine de l'Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR). Résultats et conclusion : Les résultats ont montré une non-conformité des eaux de puits par rapport aux germes de contamination fécale dans 65% des cas et dans 70% des cas par rapport à E coli. Les eaux de forages étaient contaminées à 53,54% par la flore aérobie mésophile, à 26,77% par les coliformes totaux et à 2,03% par les streptocoques fécaux. La présence des germes indicateurs de contamination fécale dans les eaux analysées expose les consommateurs au risque de gastro-entérites. Des mesures doivent être prises pour la surveillance et la désinfection de ces eaux avant leur utilisation. Mots clés : Eau, puits, forage ; qualité bactériologique, Togo.Evaluation of the bacteriological quality of wells and drillings water in Lomé, Togo ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of wells and drillings water collected in the city of Lomé. Methodology: A total of 207 well water samples and 197 samples of water from drillings in the city of Lomé collected between June 2012 and July 2013 were analyzed using standard routine methods of the French Association of Standardization (AFNOR). Results and Conclusion : The results showed non-compliance of well water related to fecal contamination germs in 65% of cases and in 70% of cases related to E. coli. The drillings waters were contaminated in cases 53.54% by mesophilic aerobic flora, in 26.77% cases by total coliforms and in 2.03% cases by fecal streptococci. The presence of indicator organisms of fecal contamination in the analyzed waters exposes consumers to the risk of gastroenteritis. Measures should be taken to monitoring and disinfection of this water before use.

RESUMEL'eau est une ressource naturelle precieuse et essentielle pour de multiples usages, mais sa qualité est confrontée à plusieurs problèmes dont la pollution liées aux actvités anthropiques, d'où la nécessité de contribuer à l'amélioration de la qualité de l'eau de consommation. Ainsi, une étude transversale, descriptive et analytique, qui a porté sur 162 ménages choisis de façon aléatoire, a été réalisé afin d'avoir une idée sur les risques sanitaires liés à l'eau de consommation. Mots clés : Eau de forage, eau de puits, aspects socio-sanitaire, qualité hygiénique, Togo.Health risks related to sources of drinking water in district n°2 of Lomé-commune: case of Adakpamé neighborhood ABSTRACT Water is a valuable and essential natural resource for many uses, but its quality is confronted with several problems, including pollution linked to anthropogenic activities, hence the need to contribute to improving the quality of drinking water. A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study of 162 randomly selected households was carried out in order to get an idea of the health risks associated with drinking water. Wells and boreholes water samples (15 wells and 10 boreholes) were collected and analyzed using the standardized routine methods described by French Association for Standardization. The results showed that no household has a drinking water supply network. Of those whose source water is from boreholes and wells, O. Y. SOKEGBE et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 11(5): 2341-2351, 2017 2342 94.74% drink boreholes water and 56.86% drink well water. The majority of households treat water before consumption and chlorination is the most commonly used mode of treatment. On households with both a water source and a latrine, 62.96% of households have latrines within 15 meters of the water source. The microbiological analyses showed that the water samples analysed are contaminated to varying degrees by the microorganisms selected by the criteria. Total germs and coliforms resulted in high levels of non-compliance. Appropriate measures shall be taken for the disinfection of such waters before their use.

Water is essential for life, but its quality is confronted with several problems, including insufficient hygiene and sanitation, which necessitate a contribution to improving the hygienic quality of drinking water. A descriptive study of 129 randomly selected households was carried out in order to get an idea of the health risks associated with drinking water. Water samples (75) were analyzed using the standardized routine methods described by the European Union. These analyzes related to the following germs: total aerobic flora, total coliforms, thermo tolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli, anaerobic sulfite-reducing bacteria and fecal streptococci. The results showed that 43.41% of households surveyed do not have a source of water at home. Water sources include wells, boreholes, and rainwater. Drinking water storage containers are not covered in 38.89% of the cases. Of the 60 households that have a water source and a latrine at the same time, 27 households or 45% have latrines within 15 meters of the water source. The microbiological analyzes showed that the drinking water samples analyzed are contaminated to varying degrees by the germs retained by the European Union criteria. Total germs and coliforms resulted in high levels of non-compliance. The waters of the storage containers were the most contaminated. Appropriate measures shall be taken for the monitoring and disinfection of these waters before their use.

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