Évaluation de la qualité bactériologique des eaux de puits et de forage à Lomé, Togo

Abstract

RÉSUMÉObjectif : Le but de cette étude était d'évaluer la qualité microbiologique des eaux de puits et de forage collectées dans la ville de Lomé. Méthodologie : Au total, 207 échantillons d'eau de puits et de 197 échantillons d'eau de forages de la ville de Lomé collectés entre juin 2012 et juillet 2013 ont été analysés en utilisant les méthodes normalisées de routine de l'Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR). Résultats et conclusion : Les résultats ont montré une non-conformité des eaux de puits par rapport aux germes de contamination fécale dans 65% des cas et dans 70% des cas par rapport à E coli. Les eaux de forages étaient contaminées à 53,54% par la flore aérobie mésophile, à 26,77% par les coliformes totaux et à 2,03% par les streptocoques fécaux. La présence des germes indicateurs de contamination fécale dans les eaux analysées expose les consommateurs au risque de gastro-entérites. Des mesures doivent être prises pour la surveillance et la désinfection de ces eaux avant leur utilisation. Mots clés : Eau, puits, forage ; qualité bactériologique, Togo.Evaluation of the bacteriological quality of wells and drillings water in Lomé, Togo ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of wells and drillings water collected in the city of Lomé. Methodology: A total of 207 well water samples and 197 samples of water from drillings in the city of Lomé collected between June 2012 and July 2013 were analyzed using standard routine methods of the French Association of Standardization (AFNOR). Results and Conclusion : The results showed non-compliance of well water related to fecal contamination germs in 65% of cases and in 70% of cases related to E. coli. The drillings waters were contaminated in cases 53.54% by mesophilic aerobic flora, in 26.77% cases by total coliforms and in 2.03% cases by fecal streptococci. The presence of indicator organisms of fecal contamination in the analyzed waters exposes consumers to the risk of gastroenteritis. Measures should be taken to monitoring and disinfection of this water before use.

Assessment of the Microbiological Quality of Drinking Water in Light of Water Quality in the Pelengana Commune of Segou Region

“…However, contamination of other water sources (cement reservoirs, hand pumps and dug wells) is explained by poor protection of water sources and non-compliance with protection perimeters. Similarly, the absence of appropriate sanitation system and surrounding pollution such as agricultural land, cattle breeding, the existence of septic tanks and latrines are largely involved in this pollution [17]. Evidently, contamination of groundwater by coliform has negative consequences on public health.…”

Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Characterization of an Ouéga-Fandji’s Drilling Water in Benin

“…Total dissolved solids (TDS) report the mineral amount in the water. The concentration of TDS in water varies considerably in different geological regions due to the difference in solubility of minerals [26]. The dissolved solids (TDS) content expresses the total concentration of dissolved substances in water.…”

Physicochemical and Microbiological Quality of Shallow Groundwater in Lomé, Togo

“…The primary water security and public health concerns in urban sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in the coastal cities of the Gulf of Guinea, are the chemical and microbial contaminations of shallow groundwater evidenced by high contents of nitrate, heavy metals, fecal coliforms, and fecal Streptococci in boreholes and dug wells water samples (Erah, Akujieze, & Oteze, 2002;Takem et al, 2010;Gibrilla et al, 2011;Mande et al, 2012;Totin et al, 2013;Affum et al, 2015;Soncy et al, 2015). In-situ sanitation facilities, mainly pit latrines and septic tanks, are considered the dominant cause of microbiological contamination and a significant cause of nutrient loading to water sources (Lapworth et al, 2017).…”