Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) by evaluation of hepatic steatosis on computed tomography (CT). Methods: The study included 77 PCa patients who underwent abdominal CT at baseline and after 6 months of ADT. The degree of hepatic steatosis was evaluated according to the attenuation value for liver parenchyma (CT LP ), the attenuation ratio for liver and spleen (LS ratio ), and the difference in attenuation between LS (LS dif ). The associations between these 3 indices and various metabolic syndrome-related factors were analyzed. Results: The number of NAFLD patients increased from 9 (11.6%) at baseline to 16 (20.7%) after ADT. The CT LP , LS ratio , and LS dif values were significantly lower after ADT than before (p < 0.05). There were significant correlations between the percent change in CT LP and the percent change in HbA 1c , between the percent change in LS ratio and the percent change in abdominal circumference, and between the percent change in LS dif and the percent change in BMI. Conclusions: Six months of ADT was associated with significant progression of NAFLD in PCa patients. This progression was strongly correlated with changes in HbA 1c , abdominal circumference, and BMI.

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Objectives: We investigated the efficacy of urethral reconstruction in male patients with iatrogenic urethral stricture after transurethral prostate surgery. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the cases of 82 patients who underwent urethral reconstruction for iatrogenic urethral stricture caused by transurethral prostate surgery between August 2011 and July 2021. Patients were followed up postoperatively with uroflowmetry, postvoid residual urine measurement, and questionnaires using Peeling's picture score, International Prostate Symptom Score, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form, Sexual Health Inventory for Men, EuroQol-5 dimensions, and EuroQol-5 dimensions visual analog scores. Successful urethral reconstruction was defined as the absence of a postoperative decrease in urinary force and any additional treatment. Results: The median patient age was 72 years, and the stricture site was the urethral meatus in eight (9.8%) patients, penoscrotal junction in 42 (51.2%), and proximal bulbar urethra in 26 (31.7%). Six patients (7.3%) had synchronous urethral strictures. Urethral reconstruction was successful in 78 patients (95.1%), with a median follow-up of 43 months. The mean maximum flow rate (P < 0.0001), postvoid residual urine (P = 0.004), Peeling's picture score (P < 0.0001), the score for each question and total International Prostate Symptom Score and International Prostate Symptom Score-quality of life scores (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons), and EuroQol-5 dimensions and EuroQol-5 dimensions visual analog scores (P < 0.0001 for both) significantly improved postoperatively. However, the Sexual Health Inventory for Men and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form scores remained unchanged (P = 0.09 and 0.70, respectively). Conclusions: Urethral reconstruction was effective for urethral stricture due to transurethral prostate surgery in both subjective and objective aspects.

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