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Manganese ferrite nanoparticles (MnFe2O4) were synthesized via surfactant-assisted co-precipitation, where sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used as the template to control particle size at various SDS concentrations. The substitutions of iron (II) (Fe2+) into the MnFe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles were carried out to obtain Fe(1–x)MnxFe2O4, with various Mn2+: Fe2+ molar ratios. The synthesized ferrite nanoparticles were characterized by the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), two-point probe, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. The experimental Mn:Fe mole ratios of the Fe(1−x)MnxFe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles were verified to be in agreement with the theoretical values. The synthesized MnFe2O4 and Fe(1−x)MnxFe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles were of mixed spinel structures, with average spherical particle sizes between 17–22 nm, whereas the magnetite ferrite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) were of the inverse spinel structure. They showed soft ferromagnetic behavior. The synthesized Fe0.8Mn0.2Fe2O4 ferrite nanoparticle possessed the highest saturation magnetization of 88 emu/g relative to previously reported work to date.

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The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoxFe1−xFe2O4) were synthesized by the surfactant templated co-precipitation method using various surfactants namely sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and Tween20. Under the substitution, the CoxFe1−xFe2O4 particles were synthesized at various Co2+ and Fe2+ mole ratios (x = 1, 0.6, 0.2, and 0) with the SDS. The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were characterized for their morphology, structure, magnetic, and electrical properties. All CoxFe1−xFe2O4 nanoparticles showed the nanoparticle sizes varying from 16 to 43 nm. In the synthesis of CoFe2O4, the SDS template provided the smallest particle size, whereas the saturated magnetization (Ms) of CoFe2O4 was reduced by using CTAB, SDS, and Tween20. For the CoxFe1−xFe2O4 as synthesized by the SDS template at 1.2 CMC, the Ms increased with increasing Fe2+ mole ratio. The highest Ms of 100.4 emu/g was obtained from the Fe3O4 using the SDS template. The Fe3O4 nanoparticle is potential to be used in various actuator and biomedical devices.