Socks are the clothing preserving the foot in thermal neutrality and preventing foot from blister generating. The development of socks has been diversified like the type, materials, and function, etc. Socks with good quality are conducive to prevent foot disease or smelly odor from foot. The wearing comfort of socks can be affected by the fabric properties of air permeability. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between the fabric parameters and air permeability of knitted socks fabric. The ventilation of socks fabric was measured by the KES-F8 automatic air permeability tester. It was found that the air permeability of fabric was negatively proportional to the content of cotton, yarn count and thickness, before washing. Meanwhile, washing was found to increase the air permeability.
Natural dye solution from longan leaves was applied to the simultaneous dyeing of silk fabric and using alum, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate and stannous chloride as a mordanting agents. The dyeing properties and effects of simultaneous-mordanting on the hue, colour strength and colour value were revealed. The results show that The K/S values increased with an increase of metal mordant concentration. The mordant activity sequence was CuSO4> FeSO4> AlK(SO4)2 > SnCl2. The obtained colour values show that silk fabrics dyed without mordant exhibited dark brown colour, while those mordanted with aluminum potassium sulfate (alum), stannous chloride and copper sulfate showed a variety of medium to dark brown shades. With ferrous sulfate, the colour shade was darker and duller. The colour fastness results showed good to very good level.
Fabric-foam samples were prepared by plying polyurethane foams (non-laminated and laminated) with different fabrics in this study. The fabric-foam plied samples were intended to be used for intimate apparel which is a kind of close-to-skin garment. The comfort requirement of intimate apparel is highly concerned and smoothness, softness, stiffness and drape are the consideration factors. Therefore, we evaluated the mechanical properties of smoothness, softness, stiffness and drape of the different plied samples and the results were discussed properly.
Natural dye extracted from the longan leaves was applied to a silk fabric by an exhaustion dyeing process. The dyeing was conducted with and without metallic salt mordants using pre-mordanting. It was observed that with an increase in the dye concentration, the ultraviolet (UV) protection factor (UPF) values ranged between good and very good for the silk fabric. In addition, a darker color, such as that provided by a CuSO4 and FeSO4 mordant, gave better protection because of higher UV absorption. The results confirmed that natural dyes from longan leaf extract with metal mordants have potential applications in fabric dyeing and in producing UV-protective silk fabrics.
This study evaluated the cooling properties of summer cooling towels of different brands by studying the water vapor transmission behavior. All the samples were found to provide a cooling effect at first contact after being wetted. The samples of N-rit showed the highest cooling effect followed by Cooldyxm and Ice Towel, whereas Perfect Fitness had the poorest cooling effect.
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