Uji coba budidaya dalam keramba telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui kelayakan kolam pengendap tambang batubara untuk areal budidaya ikan bagi masyarakat sekitar apabila kegiatan tambang telah ditutup, serta untuk mengetahui apakah produk ikan yang dihasilkan cukup aman untuk dikonsumsi manusia. Percobaan dilakukan pada bekas kolam pengendap DS2 milik PT KPC, dengan mengunakan 5 buah keramba apung berukuran 3 m x 1 m x 1 m yang dalam setiap keramba ditebar benih dari alam untuk ikan repang (Barbodes schwanenfeldii) ukuran rata-rata 20,2 g; puyau (Osteichilus kappenii) ukuran 66,1 g; dan mas (Cyprinus carpio) ukuran 28,96 g dari pemijahan di laboratorium sebanyak masing-masing 200 ekor, serta pepuyu (Anabas testudineus) ukuran rata-rata 41,4 g dari alam sebanyak 50 ekor, udang galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) ukuran 113,8 g juga dari alam sebanyak 50 ekor. Pakan diberikan secara sampai kenyang (ad libitum). DO, pH, suhu, DHL, dan kekeruhan diukur harian, sedangkan ikan diukur pertumbuhan bobotnya. Setelah dipelihara selama 4 bulan dan memenuhi ukuran konsumsi, ikan dan udang diperiksa kandungan Sb, Se, As, Hg, Mn, Cd, Fe, Cu, Pb, dan Zn. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bekas kolam pengendap tambang batubara cukup layak untuk dikembangkan sebagai areal budidaya ikan dengan memberikan pertumbuhan bobot populasi sebesar 570,79% (repang, SR: 95%), 202,57% (puyau, SR: 97%), 573% (mas, SR: 2,5%), 238,92% (udang galah, SR: 10%), 447,10% (pepuyu, SR: 14%) dan produknya cukup aman untuk dikonsumsi, dengan kandungan Sb (0,24-2,45 mg/L, rasio terdeteksi dari sample: 100%), Se (0,00-0,06, 57,14%), As (tidak terdeteksi/ttd), Hg (0,00-0,06 mg/L, 50%), Mn (ttd-1,68 mg/L, 14,29%), Cd (ttd), Fe (ttd-5,45 mg/L, 7,14%), Cu (ttd), Pb (ttd), dan Zn (7,82-61,50 mg/L, 100%).The experiment was conducted to study the feasibility of settling or sedimentation pond of coal mining to be used for culturing fish in net cage for local people post mining activities. Experimental 3 m x 1 m x 1 m of 5 floating net cages were located in DS 2, an abandoned settling pond owned by Kalimantan Timur Prima Coal (KPC). Each cage was stocked with natural barb seed (Barbodes schwanenfeldii) with mean weight of 20.2 g, fresh water carp or puyau (Osteichilus kappenii) with mean weight of 66.1 g, and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) with mean weight of 28.96 g from fish hatchery with density of 200 seeds per species per cage, wild seed of climbing pearch (Anabas testudineus) with mean weight of 41.4 g and density of 50 seeds per cage, and giant prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) with mean weight 113.8 g and density of 50 seeds per cage. The fishes were feed ad libitum. Water quality parameters were measured daily consisting of DO, pH, temperature, conductivity, and turbidity, while fish growth was determined by measuring its weight. After 4 months of rearing and reached marketable size, the fish were then measured for the evidence of Sb, Se, As, Hg, Mn, Cd, Fe, Cu, Pb, and Zn. The result shows that the settlement pond of coal mining is feasible to rear fish in cage. The recorded fish growths were 570.79% for barb fish with survival rate/SR: 95%, 202.57% for local carp with SR: 97%, 573% for common carp with SR:2.5%), 238.92% for giant prawn with SR:10%), 447.10% for climbing perch with SR:14%. All of the reared fish are safe to be consumed because they have normal content of Sb (0.24 to 2.45 mg/L, and detected ratio in all sample was: 100%), Se (0.00 to 0.06; 57.14%), As (not detected/nd), Hg (0.00 to 0.06 mg/L, 50%), Mn (nd to 1,68 mg/L, 14.29%), Cd (nd), Fe (nd-5.45 mg/L, 7.14%), Cu (nd), Pb (nd), and Zn (7.82-61.50 mg/L, 100%).
Kualitas air, pakan alami berupa phytoplankton dan zooplankton digunakan sebagai indikator kesuburan perairan yang berpengaruh terhadap usaha budidaya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kuantitas, kualitas phytoplankton dan zooplankton di kolam pasca tambang batubara. Metode penelitian yaitu dengan pengamatan kualitas air secara in situ dan ex situ dilakukan di kolam pasca tambang batubara Loa Bahu. Pengambilan sampel plankton setiap 3 hari sekali selama 10 kali. Sampel plankton di bawa ke laboratorium untuk diidentifikasi jenisnya, dihitung kelimpahannya, indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan dominansi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan menunjukkan bahwa jumlah phytoplankton 3.039–3.379 indv/liter, zooplankton 4508–5146 indv/liter. Phytoplankton didominasi oleh Chlorophycea yang mencerminkan kualitas air bersih. Indeks keanekaragaman plankton 2,718 – 2,684, termasuk kondisi sedang, Keseragaman 0, 8419–0, 8618, termasuk kategori stabil. Hasil analisis kualitas air seperi suhu, oksigen terlarut, pH, NO2, H2S masih layak untuk budidaya, sedangkan untuk NH3 melebihi standar.
Survival and metamorphosis rate of swimming crab ABSTRACTThe survival rate of blue swimming crabs and the larval metamorphosis processes are still low in hatcheries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different phytoecdysteroids doses on both the survival and the rate of Blue swimmer crab larvae metamorphosis. The study consisted of four different phytoecdysteroids treatments, namely: control (0 mg/100 g of feed), 1 mg/100 g of feed, 2 mg/100 g of feed, and 4 mg/100 g of feed. Each treatment was replicated three times. The survival rate of the larvae was analyzed through analysis of variance, while the rate of larval metamorphosis was descriptively analyzed. The results showed that the dose of phytoecdysteroid of 2 mg/100 g of artificial feed resulted in the highest survival and the fastest metamorphosis speed of crab larvae for zoea-2 and zoea-3, and the dose of 4 mg/100 g of artificial feed for stadia megalopa and crablet.Keywords: phytoecdysteroids, survival rate, metamorphosis, blue swimming crab ABSTRAKKelangsungan hidup rajungan dalam pembenihan masih rendah, dan proses metamorfosis larva masih lambat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian fitoekdisteroid dosis berbeda terhadap kelangsungan hidup dan kecepatan metamorfosis larva rajungan. Penelitian ini terdiri atas empat perlakuan dosis fitoekdisteroid yang berbeda, yaitu: kontrol (0 mg/100 g pakan), 1 mg/100 g pakan, 2 mg/100 g pakan, dan 4 mg/100 g pakan dengan masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan tiga kali ulangan. Kelangsungan hidup larva dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam, sedangkan kecepatan metamorfosis larva dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis fitoekdisteroid sebanyak 2 mg/100 g pakan buatan menghasilkan kelangsungan hidup tertinggi dan proses metamorfosis larva rajungan tercepat untuk stadia zoea-2 dan zoea-3, serta dosis 4 mg/100 g pakan buatan untuk stadia megalopa dan crablet.
Pearl catfish has the main advantage of fast growth. To maximize this growth, one of the things that must be considered is the feed given. The use of factory feed for catfish seeds is common, so it is necessary to use feed raw materials that are around to be used as raw materials for homemade feed. Vegetable waste such as cabbage and tofu dregs can be used as fish feed which is processed into pellets. Cabbage vegetable waste, tofu dregs, bamboo shoots and bran have protein and carbohydrates that can be used for fish growth. This study consisted of 2 stages, namely stage 1 analyzing the comparison between factory feed and homemade feed and stage 2 analyzing the difference in dosage of homemade feed on the growth and efficiency of pearl catfish (C. gariepinus) seed feed. Data were analyzed using 2 independent samples (unpaired) t-test and ANOVA test. The results showed that the provision of factory feed and homemade feed did not have a significant effect on the growth of length, weight, and feed efficiency of catfish fry. Catfish seeds can be fed homemade feed with ingredients from fermented cabbage waste, tofu dregs flour, rebon flour, bran flour, plus vitamins and minerals. The results of the analysis of variance in the treatment of different feed doses (4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, and 10% per fish body weight), had a significant effect on the growth of catfish length and weight, and had no significant effect on feed efficiency. The higher the dose given for the maintenance period of 30 days of catfish fry gave a good effect with the best dose of 10% per fish body weight
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