[1] Enhanced BrO and ClO in the boundary layer associated with ozone destruction have been observed over salt lakes, as well as in the polar boundary layer. Volcanic plumes are a major natural source of atmospheric trace gases, influencing the tropospheric and stratospheric trace gas budgets. Though a variety of volcanic gases have been investigated and BrO was found, there is still little information on other halogen oxides (e.g. ClO) in volcanic plumes and the effects on atmospheric ozone. The current belief that volcanic plumes contain ClO has not been quantified to date. Here we report the successful remote measurement of significant amounts of ClO (as well as BrO and SO 2 ) in a volcanic plume from the Sakurajima volcano in Japan, using ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy during May 2004. Additionally halogen-catalyzed local surface ozone depletion was observed in the vicinity of the volcano. Citation: Lee, C.,
Single-cell analyses have recently become important to understand cell heterogeneity, the mechanism of cell function, and diseases. In contrast to single-cell analyses that target nucleic acids, single-cell protein analyses still...
The
stereospecific, substrate (nitrogen source)-controlled intermolecular anti- and syn-1,2-diaminations of unactivated
alkenes using the same catalysis (an iodine catalyst) is reported.
The combined use of the two potential methods provides access to all
of the disastereomeric forms of 1,2-diamines in spite of the availability
of E- and Z-alkenes, and the resulting
products can be readily converted into free vicinal diamines.
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