PPI therapy more effectively prevented delayed bleeding from the ulcer created after ESD than did H2RA treatment.

During follow-up of branch duct IPMNs, ductal carcinoma of the pancreas not infrequently developed distinct from IPMN. In the follow-up of IPMN, special attention should be paid to the development of ductal carcinoma of the pancreas.

Cretinism is marked by irreversible mental and growth retardation. We describe here an entirely new case of cretinism showing combined pituitary hormone deficiencies of thyrotropin, growth hormone and prolactin that appears to be caused by homozygosity for a nonsense mutation in the gene for the pituitary specific transcription activator, Pit-1/GHF-1 (designated PIT1 in humans for pituitary specific factor 1). This is the first report in humans of a defect in a transcription activator causing deficiency of multiple target genes.

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Objective: Several reports have described antipituitary antibodies by immunofluorescent or immunoblotting methods in patients with lymphocytic hypophysitis. However, with the exception of the pituitary hormones, individual antigens specific for the pituitary gland have not been studied. To understand the pathogenesis of lymphocytic hypophysitis and to diagnose this disease efficiently, we studied the presence of autoantibodies against three pituitary-specific proteins, GH and two novel pituitary-specific proteins, namely, pituitary gland specific factor 1a (PGSF1a) and PGSF2. Design: Seventeen patients with lymphocytic hypophysitis, all of whom had pituitary enlargement (5 with lymphocytic adenohypophysitis and 12 with lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis, including 3 of the latter group proven by biopsy), and 14 patients with hypopituitarism without pituitary enlargement (10 with isolated ACTH deficiency and 4 with idiopathic TSH deficiency) were studied, and compared with 11 patients with non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma, 31 patients with other autoimmune diseases, and 36 healthy controls. Methods: The presence of each antibody was studied by radioligand assay using recombinant human 35 S-labeled protein.Results: Three (18%) patients with lymphocytic hypophysitis having pituitary enlargement, five (36%) patients with hypopituitarism without pituitary enlargement and three (9.7%) patients with other autoimmune diseases were positive for one or more of the antibodies studied. Conclusions: Anti-human GH, anti-PGSF1a, and anti-PGSF2 antibodies were detected in patients with lymphocytic hypophysitis and other hypopituitarism, but were not detected in patients with non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma. Detection of these antibodies may be useful for the diagnosis of lymphocytic hypophysitis.

The Eo/Mo ratio, FT3/FT4 ratio, and Eo/Mo.FT3 are simple, practical parameters and were as effective as TBII for differentiation of destruction-induced thyrotoxicosis (painless or subacute thyroiditis) from Graves' thyrotoxicosis. Eo/Mo < 0.2 and/or Eo/Mo.FT3 < 4.5 in untreated thyrotoxic patients are laboratory signals of destruction-induced thyrotoxicosis, and if these are determined, the radioactive iodine uptake test can be omitted for differential diagnosis of these two types of thyrotoxicosis.

Abstract.A previous study reported a high prevalence of autoantibodies to alpha-enolase in lymphocytic hypophysitis and these antibodies efficiently distinguished lymphocytic hypophysitis from pituitary tumors. To confirm this, we examined autoantibodies to alpha-enolase in patients with lymphocytic hypophysitis (n = 17), pituitary non-functioning adenoma (n = 13), other pituitary diseases (n = 17) and other autoimmune diseases (n = 30), and compared to healthy controls (n = 46). Autoantibodies were found in 41.2%, 46.2%, 23.5%, 20.0% and 4.3%, respectively. Our findings indicate that detection of anti-alpha-enolase antibodies is not suitable for specific diagnosis of lymphocytic hypophysitis.

Linear polystyrene-stabilized PdO nanoparticles (PS-PdONPs) were prepared in water by thermal decomposition of Pd(OAc)(2) in the presence of polystyrene. The immobilization degree of palladium was dependent on the molecular weight of polystyrene, while the size of the Pd nanoparticles was not. Linear polystyrene-stabilized Pd nanoparticles (PS-PdNPs) were also prepared using NaBH(4) and phenylboronic acid as reductants. The catalytic activity of PS-PdONPs was slightly higher than that of PS-PdNPs for Suzuki coupling reaction in water. PS-PdONPs exhibited high catalytic activity for Suzuki and copper-free Sonogashira coupling reactions in water and recycled without loss of activity.