The physico-chemical properties of seed are significant in designing equipment, marketing for evaluating seed quality. In this context, physico-chemical properties of three varieties of mung bean seeds, physical properties and germination properties during the sprouting period were evaluated. The average length, width and thickness were 4.64 mm, 3.64 mm and 3.26 mm at moisture content 10.70% on a dry weight basis. Hydration capacity ranged from 0.041 to 0.050 g/seed and hydration index ranged from 0.921 to 1.062, whereas swelling capacity ranged from 0.035 to 0.045 ml/seed and swelling index ranged from 0.927 to 1.447. Maximum sprout length and the germination rate were recorded in the variety SGC-20 at 96 h germination period as 45.56 mm and 96.67% respectively followed by the variety SGC-16 while IPM-02-3 reported lower sprout length and germination rate. Hence, the variety SGC-20 is best for consumption as sprouts among the three varieties.
In terms of both acreage and productivity, lentil is India's second most important pulse crop. Stemphylium blight, caused by Stemphylium botrysum Wallr., is a serious economic problem in eastern parts of India including West Bengal. As most of the cultivated lentil are susceptible to Stemphylium blight disease, the main alternatives for the control of the disease is to use highly toxic fungicides. The objective of this work is to evaluate the responses of 210 numbers of genotype collected from International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) in order to support the alternative disease management strategy. The qualitative attributes like days to flowering, height of the plant and leaf area were taken into consideration which were converted to qualitative attributes by using cluster analysis. Along with that branching pattern and canopy types was also recorded as qualitative parameters. The result clearly indicated that days to flowering, leaf area, branching habit and canopy temperature significantly influence the disease development.
Carbon dioxide being a harmful gas to mankind its rise in atmosphere affecting the plants in physical, molecular process that modulate photosynthetic gene expression and biochemical processes that changes in CO2 concentration to the production of metabolite signal. Increasing temperature and elevated carbon dioxide were the main reason for change in the climatic factors that affect plant strength and flowering allied events. Reduction in ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) protein results from species dependent variation in differential use of molecular processes. Many studies indicates that hexokinase functioning as a hexose flux sensor that ultimately affecting transcription products were the key for repression in photosynthetic gene expression. Hexoses are produced as signals primarily by sucrose cycling and secondarily by starch hydrolysis. Finally, this review gives research knowledge over the changes in physical, molecular gene expression and biochemical processes during elevated carbon dioxide levels.
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