ABSTRACT. The coefficient of variation (CV) has been the most important statistic to determine the precision of experimental errors, but an even classification for guiding popcorn breeders is still lacking for popping expansion. The normality of data from 50 CVs was tested through the Shapiro-Wilk test, and the mean (m), median, standard deviation (SD), maximum and minimum values, asymmetry and kurtosis were all determined using the momentum method. The CVs were ranked as low [CV < (m -1 SD)], moderate [(m -1 SD) < CV < (m + 1 SD)], high [(m + 1 SD) < CV < (m + 2 SD)] and very high [CV > (m + 2 SD)]. In summary, these data were close to the normality because the slight and flattened curve was skewed to the right. The CV's mean was 11.08, the median was 11.94 and the standard deviation was 5.13%. Accordingly, values of CV ≤ 5.95% are low, 5.95 < CV ≤ 15.21% are moderate, 15.21 < CV ≤ 20.34% are high, and CV > 20.34% are very high.Keywords: Zea mays, dispersion measurement, genetic improvement, precision, accuracy.RESUMO. Classificação de coeficientes de variação para capacidade de expansão. O coeficiente de variação (CV) tem sido o parâmetro estatístico mais importante para determinar a precisão de erros experimentais, sendo necessária uma classificação para orientar os pesquisadores de milho-pipoca para a capacidade de expansão. Assim, a normalidade de 50 CVs foi avaliada por meio do teste de Shapiro-Wilk; a média (m), mediana, desvio padrão (DP), valores máximos e mínimos, assimetria e curtose foram estimados utilizando o método dos momentos. Os CVs foram classificados como baixo [CV < (m -1 DP)], moderado [(m -1 DP) < CV < (m + 1 DP)], alto [(m + 1 DP) < CV < (m + 2 DP)] e muito alto [CV > (m + 2 DP)]. Em resumo, os dados aproximaram à normalidade e a curva normal foi desviada para a direita e ficou ligeiramente achatada. A média dos CVs foi de 11,08, a mediana foi de 11,94 e o desvio padrão foi de 5,13%. Assim, valores de CV ≤ 5,95% devem ser classificados como baixos, 5,95 < CV ≤ 15,21% são moderados, 15,21 < CV ≤ 20,34% são elevados e CV > 20,34% são muito elevados.Palavras-chave: Zea mays, medidas de dispersão, melhoramento genético, precisão, acurácia.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the combining ability and inbreeding depression of commercial maize hybrids for agricultural traits. Twenty-two commercial maize hybrids, 96 F 1 crosses from a partial diallel scheme, 22 S 1 populations and 4 controls were evaluated in a 12x12 simples square lattice experimental setup, totaling 144 treatments, in the municipality of Sabáudia (PR), Brazil, for harvests from 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. Three traits were evaluated: grain yield, plant height and ear height. The Griffing method (1956) was applied for the evaluation of the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). The 30B39, 30K64 and 30B30 hybrids showed increased yield, 30F53 and P1630 showed reduced plant height and AG9040 and AG7010 showed reduced ear height. These hybrids can be recommended for the extraction of inbred lines and formation of composites followed by intrapopulation selection. The combinations 30B39 x AG8088, 30B39 x AG9045 and P1630 x AG8021 showed desirable SCA effects for grain yield, plant height and ear height and are recommended for use in reciprocal recurrent selection programs. High magnitudes of inbreeding depression were verified for yield and lower values for inbreeding depression for plant and ear heights. Thus, strategies are recommended for interpopulation breeding accompanied by inbred lines extraction.
The objectives of this study were to identify promising popcorn lines and hybrids for genetic resistance to tropical rust (Tr, Physopella zeae) in diallel crosses of nine lines derived from a large part of
The objective of this study was to evaluate the combining ability and inbreeding depression of commercial maize hybrids for agricultural traits. Twenty-two commercial maize hybrids, 96 F 1 crosses from a partial diallel scheme, 22 S 1 populations and 4 controls were evaluated in a 12x12 simples square lattice experimental setup, totaling 144 treatments, in the municipality of Sabáudia (PR), Brazil, for harvests from 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. Three traits were evaluated: grain yield, plant height and ear height. The Griffing method (1956) was applied for the evaluation of the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). The 30B39, 30K64 and 30B30 hybrids showed increased yield, 30F53 and P1630 showed reduced plant height and AG9040 and AG7010 showed reduced ear height. These hybrids can be recommended for the extraction of inbred lines and formation of composites followed by intrapopulation selection. The combinations 30B39 x AG8088, 30B39 x AG9045 and P1630 x AG8021 showed desirable SCA effects for grain yield, plant height and ear height and are recommended for use in reciprocal recurrent selection programs. High magnitudes of inbreeding depression were verified for yield and lower values for inbreeding depression for plant and ear heights. Thus, strategies are recommended for interpopulation breeding accompanied by inbred lines extraction.
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