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Ionization, pair creation, and electron excitations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are investigated in the framework of the coupled-channel formalisrn. Collisions between heavy projectiles and pb8*+ are considered for various bombarding energies in the region E =500 up to 2000 MeV/u. Useful symmetry relations for the matrix elements are derived and the influence of gauge transformations onto the coupled-channel equations is explored. PACS nurnber(s): 34.90. +q, 36.10.Dr,

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