Sleep bruxism (SB) is a masticatory muscle activity during sleep that is characterized as rhythmic (phasic) or non-rhythmic (tonic). The recent hypothesis on the etiology of SB supports the role of the central and autonomic nervous systems. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the intensity of SB in patients with arterial hypertension. A total of 70 adults participated in this study: 35 patients with hypertension (study group) and 35 normotensive subjects (control group). Data were recorded using home portable cardiorespiratory polygraphy. The bruxism episode index (BEI) in the study group was found to be significantly higher compared to the control group (3.4 ± 3.25 vs. 2.35 ± 2.29, p = 0.04). Hypertension, higher body mass index (BMI), lower values of mean oxygen saturation (SpO2), and a higher percentage of SpO2 < 90% constituted independent risk factors for increased BEI. These results suggest the need for special oral care in hypertensive patients, patients with higher BMI, lower values of SpO2 and a higher percentage of SpO2 < 90%.
Fractal dimension analysis may be a useful method in the comparison of complicated shapes of such lesions as LP or leukoplakia, but our study did not confirm that this method may be used to distinguish LP and leukoplakia without a histopathological examination. Photodynamic therapy is an effective treatment method in the case of LP and leukoplakia of the oral cavity.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer. It accounts for approx. 80% of human skin cancers and belongs to the group of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC). The highest incidence of this cancer is visible in older people, over 65 years of age. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved method with a selective cytotoxic activity. It is used in the treatment of superficial forms of BCC, precancerous conditions (hyperkeratosis, actinic keratosis) and non-cancerous diseases (acne vulgaris, infection with herpes simplex virus-HSV, leukoplakia, lichen planus). The aim of the study was to apply PDT to a patient with a clinical diagnosis and histopathologically confirmed BCC. The patient, male, aged 82, reported to the Department of Oral Surgery at Wroclaw Medical University with BCC of dimensions 0.5 × 1.5 cm, present for 13 years in the area of the right mandibular angle, after previous surgical treatment. Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and PDT were employed using a semiconductor laser. 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) was used as a photosensitizer. The PDD and PDT procedures were applied at 2-week intervals for 3 months. Control visits after 3, 6 and 12 months did not show local recurrence. Photodynamic therapy is a highly useful, independent method of treating superficial forms of BCC.
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