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New gels based on N-isopropylacrylamide and cysteine were prepared by free radical polymerization in aqueous solutions. To attach the amino acid to the polymer chain, its a-amino group was modified with acryloyl chloride and N,N 0 -bisacryloylcystine was obtained. Next, the disulfide bridges were reduced to thiol groups and the attachment of ferrocenemethanol to the chains was performed. The influence of the amount of electroactive groups and their degree of oxidation on the temperature of volume phase transition was investigated. The gel formed from the polymerization solution containing 2% N,N 0 -bisacryloylcystine could undergo the volume phase transition triggered by changing the ferrocene state of oxidation. The temperature window of the gel sensitivity to the oxidation state of its ferrocene component was 35-40 C. During the transition the volume of the gel could be changed even by more than an order of magnitude. Thin layers of the electroactive and thermoresponsive gel could be anchored on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode. This was achieved by electroformation of radicals at the electrode surface. The influence of the volume phase transition triggered by a temperature change on redox processes of ferrocene moieties bound to the network was examined voltammetrically.

Thermosensitive microgel particles based on the polymeric network synthesized from N‐isopropylacrylamide, sodium acrylate and N,N′‐bisacryloylcystine have been functionalized with aminoferrocene, a mediatior, and a model enzyme‐glucose oxidase (GOx). The product was very stable. A thin coating of that material has been successfully attached to the glassy carbon electrode surface to form a sensing layer. A temperature increase to a value higher than the volume phase transition temperature led to a substantial increase in the amperometric signal. That behavior was well switchable. The amperometric signal was linearly dependent on glucose concentration in the physiological concentration range. It appeared that the synthesized and functionalized microgel was a kind of microreactor and might be very useful for the construction of the platforms that can enhance the activity of enzymes in biosensors.

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